Minerals Flashcards
study of minerals
Mineralogy
building blocks of rocks that contain elements or compounds found naturally on the crust of the earth
Minerals
inorganic, solid, possesses orderly internal structure, has definite chemical composition, and occurs naturally
Minerals
responsible for the shape of minerals
Crystal lattice
naturally occuring mineral containing a valuable constituent for which it is mined and worked
Ores
Most abundant of the minerals
Siliceous Minerals
Contains Si, Al, Na, K, H, O
Siliceous Minerals
Feldspar, mica, amphibole, quartz, serpentine, talc, olivine, albite, hornblende, chlorite
Siliceous Minerals
making optical instruments
Quartz
making porcelain and enamel
Feldspar
electrical equipment, wallpaper, fireproof materials
Mica
powder for cosmetic purposes, paints, ceramic and paper
Talc
contains CO3, SO3 and other compounds or native elements of sulfur
Non-metallic Minerals
calcite, sulfur, salt, borax, gypsum, apatite, dolomite, halite, fuorite, kernite, pearls, graphite
Non-metallic Minerals
cement, mortar, building materials
Calcite
explosives, fireworks, dyes
Sulfur
pencil lead
graphite
soap, glass, enamels, washing powders
Borax
includes common metal ores (some are found in pure forms and do not exist in chemical combination with other elements)
Metallic Minerals
formed by the mixture of metallic ore with waste materials
Gangue
roofs, planes, cars
Aluminum
for thermometers
Mercury
for coins, jewelry
Gold
electrical wires, nails, sheets in building
Copper
for power nuclear submarines
Uranium
known for their color, luster, hardness
Gem minerals
Mineralogists use methods such as optical tests and chemical methods to identify these minerals
Gem Minerals
diamond, opal, topaz, garnet, jade, sapphire, aquamarine, tourmaline, beryl
Gem Minerals
gold, silver, copper, platinum, iron, titanium, merury, uranium, aluminum, bauxite, azurite, pryrite, hematite
Metallic Minerals
8 Properties of Minerals
Crystal Form
Luster
Color
Streak
Cleavage
Fracture
Specific Gravity
Hardness
external expression of the orderly internal arrangement of atoms of a mineral
Crystal Form
6 Systems of Crystal
Cubic
Tetragonal
Hexagonal
Orthorhombic
Monoclinic
Triclinic
appearance or quality of light reflected from the surface of a mineral
Luster
most obvious property of a mineral and it is often an unreliable diagnostic property
Color
color of a mineral in its powedered form, obtained by rubbing the mineral across a piece of unglazed porcelain
Streak
tendency of a mineral to break along planes of weak bonding
Cleavage
tendency for minerals that do not exhibit cleavage when broken
Fracture
number which represents the ratio of of the weight of an equal volume of water
Specific Gravity
measure of the resistance of a mineral to abrasion or scratching
Hardness
Location:
Ilocos Norte, Camarines
Norte, Cotabato, Nueva
Vizcaya, Surigao,
Cagayan, Samar
Uses:
used in welding, purifying
ores and production of
steel
Iron
Location:
Nonoc Island, Surigao del
Norte
Uses:
production of stainless
steel, magnets, coins,
rechargeable batteries,
electric guitar strings
microphone capsules
Nickel
Location:
Negros, Benguet,
Davao, Zamboanga del
Sur
Uses:
electric conductors, wires
and electronics
Copper
Location:
Benguet, Camarines
Norte, Masbate, Bulacan,
Surigao
Uses:
jewelry, filling for teeth,
coins
Gold
Location:
(by-product of gold
mining)
Uses:
jewelry, photography
and coins
Silver
Location:
Camarines Sur, Mindoro
Occ., Zambales,
Bukidnon
Uses:
production of stainless
steel, metal coating
Chromium
Location:
Benguet, Zambianga
City, Samar
Uses:
plating of iron, batteries,
paints
Zinc
Location:
Puerto Princessa,
Palawan
Uses:
dental restoration, lamps
Mercury
Location:
Ayala, Zamboanga City
Uses:
batteries, bullets,
radiation shield
Lead
Location:
Sta. Cruz, Zambales
Uses:
catalyst, lab. Equipments,
jewelries
Platinum
Location:
Palawan, Negos Occ.
Uses:
used in glassmaking
Silica
Location:
Cebu, Ilocos Norter,
Ilocos Sur, Iloilo,
Camatrines Sur
Uses:
used for pottery,
ceramics, china wares
Clay (Red)
Kaolinite (White)
Location:
Romblon
Uses:
for building
construction
Marble
Philippines is ranked __ as most mineralized country in the world
5th
The country’s estimated mineral reserves are placed at
about 14.5 billion metric __
Metallic Minerals
67.66 billion metric tons of __
Non-metallic Minerals
__, districts in the Province of Benguet, is
the most prolific copper and gold producers
Mankayan
__ districts are also contributing much
to Philippine gold production.
The Surigao-Davao
__ are major producers of nickel
Palawan and Surigao
the existence of __ is the reason why the Philippines is rich in mineral deposits
volcanoes, trenches, faults
