Minerals

Question 1

Sulfides

Answer 1

Sulfur plus a metallic element.

Question 2

Oxides

Answer 2

Oxygen and a metal.

Question 3

Halides

Answer 3

Metals and Fluorine, Chlorine, or Iodine.

Question 4

Native Element

Answer 4

Composed of one element

Question 5

Carbonates

Answer 5

Contain (CO3)2.

Question 6

Sulfates

Answer 6

Contain SO4. Form in deserts due to evaporation.

Question 7

Silicates

Answer 7

Most common mineral type.

Question 8

Phosphates

Answer 8

Contain PO4.

Question 9

Amphibole (asbestos)

Answer 9

Dark colored, vitreous to dull lustre, double silicate tetrahedra chain

Question 10

Biotite

Answer 10

Black, perfect basal (flat) cleavage, sheet silicate

Question 11

Calcite

Answer 11

Carbonate, forms limestone

Question 12

Chalcopyrite

Answer 12

Sulphid, fools gold 2, metallic lustre

Question 13

Dolomite

Answer 13

Carbonate, forms dolostone

Question 14

Galena

Answer 14

Sulfide, metallic lustre

Question 15

Gypsum

Answer 15

Sulfate, absorbs water (2nd stage evaporite)

Question 16

Halite (SALT)

Answer 16

Halide, edible

Question 17

Magnetite

Answer 17

Magnetic but loses magnetization above the Curie temperature (858 K)

Question 18

Muscovite

Answer 18

Silicate, made of sheets of tetrahedra ,non-ferromagnesian, used in metallic paint and makeup

Question 19

Olivine

Answer 19

Silicate, isolated tetrahedra, mafic, magnesium and iron

Question 20

Plagioclase Feldspar

Answer 20

3D framework silicate,

Question 21

Potassium Feldspar, calcium rich

Answer 21

3D framework silicate, 2 right angle cleavages, pink, no striations

Question 22

Pyrite

Answer 22

sulfide, metallic lustre

Question 23

Pyroxene

Answer 23

dark color, tetrahedra chain silicate, mafic

Question 24

Quartz

Answer 24

Silica, variable color, covalent bonds

Question 25

Sphalerite

Answer 25

Sulfide, resinous lustre

Question 26

Sylvite

Answer 26

4th stage Evaporite, forms potash

Question 27

Andalusite

Answer 27

Isolated silica tetrahedra, stable at low pressure, high temperature, prismatic crystals

Question 28

Garnet

Answer 28

Isolated silica tetrahedra, medium grade, dodecahedral crystals

Question 29

Kyanite

Answer 29

Isolated silica tetrahedra, elongated columnar crystals, often blue, hardness varies with direction: H= 4.5 parallel; H=6.5 across

Question 30

Serpentine

Answer 30

Formed by metamorphism of basalt, silicate mineral, long slender needlelike crystals

Question 31

Staurolite

Answer 31

Isolated tetrahedra, medium grade, prismatic crystal with hexagonal cross section, often twinned crystals

Question 32

Talc

Answer 32

Softest on hardness scale, used in makeup

Question 33

Hardness Scale

Answer 33

1. Talc (softest) 2. Gypsum 3. Calcite 4. Fluorite 5. Apatite 6. Orthoclase 7. Quartz 8. Topaz 9. Corundum 10. Diamond

Question 34

Corundum

Answer 34

Oxide, second hardest on H scale

Question 35

Diamonds

Answer 35

Carbon, formed in upper mantle

Question 36

Isolated tetrahedra mineral

Answer 36

Olivine

Question 37

Single chain tetrahedra mineral

Answer 37

Pyroxene

Question 38

Double chain tetrahedra minerals (2)

Answer 38

Amphibole, hornblende

Question 39

Sheet tetrahedra minerals (4)

Answer 39

Muscovite, biotite, kaolinite, serpentine

Question 40

3D framework tetrahedra minerals (2)

Answer 40

Potassium and plagioclase Feldspars

Question 41

Hardness Mnemonic

Answer 41

Terrible Giants Can Find Alligators Or Quiet Trolls Conveniently Digestible