mineral resources Flashcards
sedimentary rock
deposition/sediment build up over time compressed form sedimentary rock
sedimentary rock
proterozoic marine sediment
1.metal ions come out of solution when oxidised-become solid an sink, depositing at bottem of ocean
2.large deposits of valuable metals in sedimentary rock formed on ocean floor
3.hematite (rich in iron)
sedimentary
alluvial deposits
1.transported by water
2.diff materials deposited at diff velocity due to their density
3.sorts minerals/metals based off their density and velocity of water
4.gold, diamond, tin
sedimentary
secondary enrichment
1.produce metals that oxidise at the surface and percolate down through ground
2.precipitate below water table when in aerobic conditions come out of solution
sedimentary
evaporites
1.deposits that are formed due to evaporation of water
2.salt
sedimentary
biological deposits
1.rock made of large percent of remains of living organisms
2.limestone=marine sediments=calcium carbonate shells
3.coal=anaerobic decay from plant
igneous
formed from cooling of molten magma or lava
igneous
granite batholiths
1.infusion of magma into the crust
-cools below surface
-when cools becomes granite
igneous
hydrothermal metal ores
1.magma (batholith) rises up into crust
2.surrounding rocks become super heated
3.any ground water becomes heated
4.metals go into solution due to heat of water
5.water and metals in solution move away from batholith along cracks and fissures
6.water cools and metals come out of solution
7.fractional crystallisation
metamorphic
-rock undergone transformation by heat pressure other natural agencies
folding of strata rocks
metamorphic
slate
-sedimentary rock shale made from silt and mud
-shale breaks apart easily
-undergoes heat and pressure
-recrystallises into slate
-becomes more valuable and impermeable
metamorphic
marble
-limestone sedimentary rock made from calcium carbonate
-subjected to enough heat and pressure it’s constitual parts will recrystallise produce marble
-harder rarer and more impermeable
