Inorganic and organic pollution

Question 1

source of inorganic

Answer 1

-NPK from fertilises
-nitrates (leachate, run off)
-phosphate (sewage effluent)

Question 2

effects of inorganic

Answer 2

-eutrophication (combined effects of nitrates and
phosphates)
-excess NPK run off from fertiliser
-in water way cause algal bloom
-blocks sunlight to any organisms in water
-decreasing photosynthesis
-decreasing o2 in lake end up on anoxic lake end up with dead zone

Question 3

organic nutrient pollution
source

Answer 3

-production of dairy food
-human waste
-animal waste
-paper mills, excess water used to let out and has pulp remains

Question 4

organic nutrient pollution
effects in water

Answer 4

-deoxygenating of water (decrease of dissolved O2, as microorganisms feed upon organic nutrients which aerobically respire using O2)

-indirect eutrophication (not algae) when microorganisms break down, release inorganic nutrients

Question 5

organic nutrient pollution
water treatment

Answer 5

Pre treatment
-use of screening, remove later objects
-grit traps- for water being washed of roads removes grit by slowing water down allowing deposition

primary treatment
-sedimentation tanks allow water to stand for number of days
suspended matter sinks to bottom 95% of faecal matter settles out and removed
-flocculation to make water settle quicker

secondary treatment
-aeration (cheapest easier to manage) bubbling O2 through water to increase dissolved oxygen, encouraging aerobic bacteria that can break down
-secondary sedimentation allows water to settle out again, to collect bacteria to reuse for future water (aeration)
-tricking filter beds, trifle water through different layers of material (coal, sand have different bacteria’s that consume organic matter)

tertiary treatment
-requirements for end user
-addition of fluoride for dental health
-pass water through UV light to kill bacteria or add chlorine
-trickle water through limestone to remove acidity
-removal of pesticides using carbon filters
-removal of heavy metals by doing ion exchange

sludge treatment
-send to agriculture as natural fertiliser
-dump at sea
-incinerate sludge burn as high energy and calorific value to turn turbine