Mind key terms

Question 1

Metaaphysics

Answer 1

Study of the fundamental nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance, cause, and effect

Question 2

Mind

Answer 2

The set of faculties responsible for mental phenomena, including thoughts, consciousness, perceptions, emotions, and intentions

Question 3

Phenomenal properties

Answer 3

The properties of mental states that are experienced subjectively from the first-person perspective; these are tied to the qualitative aspect of conscious experience

Question 4

Qualia

Answer 4

The individual instances of subjective conscious experience; intrinsic and non-intentional phenomenal properties that are introspectively accessible

Question 5

Intrinsic

Answer 5

The properties that a mental state has in and of itself, independent of its relation to anything else

Question 6

Non-intentional

Answer 6

Mental states or properties that are not about anything: they do not have an intentional object

Question 7

Introspectively accessible

Answer 7

The ability to access one’s own mental states through introspection

Question 8

Substance dualism

Answer 8

The view that the mind and the body are two fundamentally different types of substances: the mind is a non-physical, immaterial substance, while the body is a material substance

Question 9

Substance

Answer 9

An entity that exists independently and has properties; either mental or physical

Question 10

Property

Answer 10

A characteristic or attribute that a substance has

Question 11

Ontologically distinct

Answer 11

The idea that two things exist in fundamentally different categories or kinds of being

Question 12

Conceivability argument

Answer 12

The claim that if we can clearly and distinctly conceive of the mind existing without the body, then it is possible for the mind to exist independently of the body, suggesting that they are distinct substances

Question 13

Indivisibility argument

Answer 13

The claim that the mind is indivisible and the body is divisible, therefore they are different kinds of substances

Question 14

Masked man fallacy

Answer 14

A fallacy that occurs when one assumes that if two things are perceived differently, they must be different in essence

Question 15

Leibniz’s law

Answer 15

A principle of identity that states that if two things are identical, they must share all the same properties