Milgram

Question 1

Where from Milgram’s participants from?

Answer 1

New Haven, Connecticut, USA

Question 2

What was Milgram’s method design?

Answer 2

controlled observation
laboratory
self report

Question 3

What was Milgram’s sampling technique?

Answer 3

self selected
advert in local paper + mailshot in the post

Question 4

How much were Milgram’s participants paid?

Answer 4

$4.50

Question 5

How old were Milgram’s participants?

Answer 5

20-50 yrs

Question 6

How many participants were in Milgram’s study?

Answer 6

40

Question 7

What were Milgram’s participants background?

Answer 7

varying background of skilled and unskilled workers
none were current high school/college students

Question 8

What was Milgram’s ‘experimenters’ characteristics?

Answer 8

31yrs old
stern biology teacher
in a technicians lab coat
confederate

Question 9

What was Milgram’s ‘learners’ characteristics?

Answer 9

47yrs old
accountant
trained for role
confederate

Question 10

What was the background to Milgram’s study?

Answer 10

Nazi’s obedience during WWII and if German people were more obedient as a culture

Question 11

What was the aim of Milgram’s study?

Answer 11

to investigate obedience to authority even with a destructive command

Question 12

What were key features of Milgram’s shock generator?

Answer 12

voltage from 15V-450V increasing in increments of 15V
labels describing the voltage intensity (eg. XXX)

Question 13

What did Milgram do to convince the participant they were giving real shocks?

Answer 13

give them a real 45V shock on the wrist

Question 14

When were Milgram’s participants told to shock the learner?

Answer 14

for every wrong response the learner gave

Question 15

What were Milgram’s participants told the aim of the study was?

Answer 15

to study how punishment affected learning

Question 16

What was Milgram’s paired associate task?

Answer 16

teacher would read a series of word pairs to the learner then would read a first word with 4 possible answers

Question 17

What did Milgram’s experimenter tell the participants before the study?

Answer 17

“although the shocks can be extremely painful, they will cause no permanent tissue damage”

Question 18

How did Milgram’s learner respond during the study?

Answer 18

~3 wrong answers to every correct
no sign of protest until 300V+315V
pounded on wall + refused to answer from then on

Question 19

How did Milgram’s experimenter respond to participants?

Answer 19

prod 1 - “please continue” “please go on”
prod 2 - “the experiment requires you go on”
prod 3 - “it is absolutely essential you go on”
prod 4 -“you have no other choice, you must go on”
“although the shocks can be extremely painful, they will cause no permanent tissue damage”

Question 20

How did Milgram record behaviour?

Answer 20

taped
photographs taken through 1 way mirrors
notes taken on any unusual behaviour

Question 21

How did Milgram debrief his participants?

Answer 21

interviewed + asked open ended questions
given psychological tests
procedures taken so they would leave the lab in a good mental state
friendly reconciliation with the learner

Question 22

How many of Milgram’s participants went to 450V?

Answer 22

65%

Question 23

How many of Milgram’s participants went to 300V?

Answer 23

100%

Question 24

How many stopped at the critical point (300V)?

Answer 24

5/40 or 12.5%

Question 25

What qualitative data was found in Milgram’s study?

Answer 25

many showed signs of nervousness
“sweat, tremble, stutter, bite lips, groan, dig fingernails into flesh”
many verbalised their stress
3pps had uncontrollable seizures
14pps had nervous laughter

Question 26

How did Milgram get a predicted outcome for his study? How many people did they think would obey?

Answer 26

asked 14 psychology undergraduate students to predict how many people would obey out of 100
expected no more than 3% (3/100)

Question 27

What area is Milgram’s study in?

Answer 27

social area

Question 28

Where did Milgram’s study take place?

Answer 28

Yale University lab