Bocchiaro et al. Flashcards
What is the background to Bocchiaro’s study?
Milgram on obedience
What is the aim to Bocchiaro’s study?
to see how people react to a destructive order with the perceived presence of an authority figure
What was Bocchiaro’s method design?
controlled observation
lab study
How old were Bocchiaro’s participants?
mean age of 20.8
How were Bocchiaro’s participants recruited?
self selected
flyers in VU University of Amsterdam
How many participants were in Bocchiaro’s study? How many male and female?
149 - 160 originally 160 but 11 removed for suspicion of the study’s aim
96 female
53 male
Where were Bocchiaro’s participants from?
VU University of Amsterdam
How much were Bocchiaro’s participants paid?
7 euro or a course credit
How many students were used in Bocchiaro’s pilot studies? How many comparison?
92 pilot stud students
138 comparison- to predict behaviour
What area is Bocchiaro’s study?
social area
What personality tests did Bocchiaro use?
Decomposed Games measure
HEXACO-PI-R
Why did Bocchiaro use pilot tests?
to check the procedure was believable + morally acceptable and that experimenter-authority behaviour was standardised
What was the HEXACO-PI-R test in Bocchiaro’s study?
60 statements
had to indicate their agreement on a likert rating scale from 1-5
assess 6 basic personality traits
What was the Decomposed Games measure in Bocchiaro’s study?
nine item test
assess how important they place their welfare in relation to another’s
used to see if self interest clashed with collective interest
What did the comparison students do in Bocchiaro’s study?
predict what they would do and what the average student at the university would do
What was the experimenter’s characteristics in Bocchairo’s study?
Dutch male
stern manner
formally dressed
What was the cover story told to participants in Bocchiaro’s study?
new research on sensory deprivation
previous research in Rome all had a traumatic experience and were denied the right to withdraw
What were Bocchiaro’s participants told to do?
fill in a Research Committee form in approval of the study
recruit students to take part in the study
How long did the experimenter leave the room for in Bocchiaro’s study? Why?
3 minutes to allow the pps to reflect on what they’ve been told
7 minutes to fill in the forms
How long did Bocchiaro’s study take?
about 40 minutes
What words were participants told to include/not in Bocchairo’s study?
to be enthusiastic: atleast 2 of the following words: exciting, incredible, great,superb
no mention on negative effects of sensory deprivation
What was included in Bocchairo’s second room?
a computer to write a recruitment to other students
form and mailbox to anonymously post
Why were Bocchiaro’s participants debriefed?
so they know the true nature of the study
so they do not lose trust in future research and so they know all research needs ethical approval
What did Bocchiaro’s comparison students predict their own behaviour vs others for obedience?
3.6% obey (own)
18.8% obey (others)
What did Bocchiaro’s comparison students predict their own behaviour vs others for disobedience?
31.9% disobey (own)
43.9% disobey (others)
What did Bocchiaro’s comparison students predict their own behaviour vs others for whistleblowing?
64.5% whistleblow (own)
37.3% whistleblow (others)
What percentage of Bocchiaro’s participants obeyed?
76.5% obeyed
What percentage of Bocchiaro’s participants disobeyed?
14.1% disobeyed
What percentage of Bocchiaro’s participants whistleblew?
9.4% whistleblew
What did Bocchiaro’s HEXACO-PI-R and Decomposed Games measure tests show? (in terms of results)
no significant differences in religion, gender, personality or social orientation (prosocial, individualistic or competitive)
people with more faith were more likely to whistleblow than obedient/disobedient pps
no
What did Bocchiaro classify as obeying/disobeying?
writing an approving request including 2 words out of the 4 given (superb, great, exciting, incredible) or not
What did Bocchiaro classify as whistleblowing?
filled in the ethics form negatively
What did disobedient participants in Bocchiaro’s study appear to do physically? Why?
shut off emotionally
display autistic behaviour- avoid eye contact + conversation
disobedience is the ‘greatest moral act’ because they were going against an authority figure
What does Bocchiaro’s comparison results show?
we see ourselves better than others/ different
this create a ‘blindness’ and underestimates our own vulnerability to social pressures
(paradoxically) this makes us more vulnerable as we have no awareness we are being influenced
