MIgration of Scots - internal and external Flashcards
Lowlands
When was the economic depression and how did it affect Scots?
The economy went into a depression in the 1920s and 1930s which caused the country to cut down wages and jobs.
This meant that workers were attracted to other countries as they were promising good wages and new job opportunities for workers with stable living conditions.
Lowlands
What happened to industries after WWI?
Heavy industries collapsed in Scotland after WWI.
This meant that thousands of heavy industry workers lost their jobs and had to seek work outside of Scotland as there were better opportunities over there
Lowlands
What were the repercussions due to consolidation?
There were limited opportunities to own your own land in the Lowlands due to Consolidation.
This meant that people living in the apartments would have to share the apartments with several other families as the landlord would be hoping to collect as much money as possible regardless of the conditions the people would be living in.
Lowlands
Where could workers find better wages?
Skilled workers were attracted to emigrate by higher wages abroad.
This meant that workers would move outwith the Lowlands abroad to seek out better wages for the job they do, for example textile workers would move to England to receive better wages.
Lowlands
Where was there high demand for granite workers?
Granite workers from Aberdeen were in high demand for construction projects abroad.
This meant that granite workers and their families would move out of Scotland to be closer to better job opportunities which would provide stable living conditions and wages
What occured in 1851 in Australia, which helped those in the Highlands move?
There was a gold rush in Australia in 1851.
This meant that there was lots of money going towards the country which meant better wages for those working in Australia which caused lots of workers to move to Australia.
How did new technology helped people move out of the Highlands?
New technology like steamboats cut down the journey time to places like Canada.
This meant that the journey of moving countries wasn’t as harsh and long as it would normally be which made it easier for families with children or elderly to travel to a new country which before wasn’t possible.
What quality were the houses in the Highlands?
The housing in the Highlands was of a very poor quality.
This meant that people moved elsewhere in hopes of there being better housing conditions where the houses were properly made and there weren’t several families living in one house.
Highlands
What was the land like in New Zealand and Canada?
The land in Canada and New Zealand was very fertile and great for farming on.
This meant that there were more working opportunities and better pay as there were more jobs to be done on the farms as the land was always in use.
What did the landowners do to those living on their land in the Highlands?
Landowners deliberately and forcibly cleared people off their lands to make room for sheep to graze. This was called the Highland Clearances.
This meant that the tenants living in the house were left without a place to live or a job as they were kicked out so that the landowners could make room for the animals which would provide them with more money.
Where did the landlords move the Scots, from the HIghlands, to?
Landlords in the Highlands had moved their tenants to the worst bits of land for farming, usually near the coast.
This meant that Landlords were trying to get the tenants to move out willingly by making them feel unwelcome and barely providing them with good living conditions.
Where could Scots from the Highlands own their own land?
People could own their own land for the first time if they moved abroad.
This meant that they were able to get better wages elsewhere as they could be in control of their own piece of land which helped with having a stable wage which benefited other factors like living conditions and costs.
Where would young farmers stay?
Young farm workers lived in shared accommodation called ‘bothies’ with no privacy.
This meant that young farm workers were crammed into shared accommodation with large numbers of people with no room for themselves which caused them to leave and find work elsewhere which provided better living conditions.
Move away from the Lowlands
Who were replaced by machinery?
Skilled craftsmen had been taken over by factories and machines who could produce more and quicker.
This meant that people trying to find a new job would be less successful as jobs were now being given to those who have experience and have been working for a while instead of those trying to get their first job to help with living costs.
What did the family abroad do to help those in the Lowlands move away?
Some relatives who had emigrated offered to pay for the travel of family back in Scotland.
This meant that it wasn’t as expensive for people to leave Scotland as there were already families elsewhere which could help them start over somewhere else by providing them with support when they first arrive.
