Migration into Europe Flashcards
What is an economic migrant?
People who move abroad to find work or a better paid job.
What are voluntary migrants?
People who move because they want to.
What are involuntary migrants?
People who are forced to move against their will.
What are asylum seekers and refugees?
People who move because they’re at risk, e.g from war or persecution. Asylum seekers apply for permission to live in a country, but if it’s denied they’re refused entry, or may be sent back (deported).
What are illegal immigrants?
People who enter or stay in a country without permission. Illegal immigration may be for economic reasons, or it may be to escape war or persecution. Illegal immigrants may be people who’ve applied for asylum been rejected and stayed on, or people sneaking across the border.
Post colonial flow.
Where the people from the former colony migrate to the former colonial power because of better job opportunities and living conditions. An example may be the migration of people from Pakistan to the UK after independence.
How do links between Europe and the wider world explain migration patterns?
Former colonies have political links e.g systems of government, economic links and cultural links.
Countries are linked by ties between family and friends.
Linked by shared languages.
Migration into Europe has many consequences- demographic.
Source counties will have a reduced and destination an increased proportion of working and reproductive age.
An increase in the number of people of reproductive age may increase birth rate in destination countries.
Migration into Europe has many consequences- economic.
Many migrant workers send money back to families in their country of origin.
This money can form a large part of the national income in poorer source countries.
Destination countries lose out because the migrant workers earn the money in that country, but it gets spent in another country.
Migration into Europe has many consequences- social.
Illegal immigrants don’t have access to legal employment, healthcare or benefits.
They live in the destination country illegally, so if they try to access these things they risk being deported.
They may carry out dangerous work for little pay.
Migration into Europe has many consequences- cultural.
Migrants bring their own culture to the countries they move to- can cause racial tension.
Where immigrant groups from several different countries have settled, you get a mixture of different cultures- leads to a hybrid of music, fashion and food.
Migration into Europe has many consequences- political.
Large numbers of immigrants can lead to changes in government policies, immigration in the UK is based on a points based system where immigrants get points for desirable factors.
Racial tensions have led to some nationalist political parties becoming more popular.
Migration into Europe has many consequences- environmental
Travel by planes and ships causes pollution and migration means a lot of people travel long distances.
This leads to increased CO2 emissions, which increases global warming.
