Consequences of Globalisation Flashcards
How has increased trade effected the economy of richer nations such as OEDC members?
Globalisation has caused the deindustrialisation of many richer countries- manufacturing industries have moved from richer countries to poorer countries mainly because wage costs are lower.
Positive consequences of increased trade in richer nations?
Led to increased wealth for many people.
One reason why rich countries like the UK educate their population to a high level is that this attracts investment from TNCs because more people can work their in the highly paid service sector.
Negative consequences of increased trade in richer nations?
Many manual workers lost their jobs and struggled to find new work because of deindustrialisation.
The economies of some cities were ruined by deindustrialisation (Sheffield, famous for steel manufacturing).
Recovery has been slow because the economies were based almost entirely on one industry.
Positive consequences of increased trade in NICs?
Increased wealth in poorer countries. NICs, like China, attract investment from TNCs because of large workforces with lower wage demands than richer countries.
This has brought wealth to some people in NICs.
Negative consequences of increased trade in NICs?
The income gap between rich and poor people has become wider.
The wealth isn’t spread evenly in NICs (e.g Indonesia)- a few people become wealthy, while many remain poor.
How is there exploitation of workers in rural to urban migration?
Workers are paid very low wages.
Many workers are killed or injured in accidents because there are fewer health and safely regulations.
Workers have fewer rights- if they strike because of poor conditions may lose their jobs, or the factory moved to another place.
Why do some people think that globalisation is morally wrong?
Dangerous poorly paid work has just been moved from richer to poorer countries instead of being stopped altogether.
Some sweatshops employ children.
Products made in NICs are cheap because conditions are poor and wages are low- exploitation- some believe in fair trade.
Increase in global trade creates environmental problems…
Oil pollution Deforestation Carbon emissions Waste Recycling issues
Why does increased global trade cause more oil pollution?
Means more shipping.
Ecosystems are damaged by oil pollution from shipping.
Why does increased global trade cause more deforestation?
Increased global trade has meant countries in tropical areas can make money by growing crops to sell for profit cash crops, e.g oilseed plantations for alternative fuel.
They clear forests to make space for crops.
Tropical forests are a massive sink of the greenhouse gas CO2.
When trees are cleared by burning CO2 is released into the atmosphere.
Why does increased global trade cause more carbon emissions?
Globalisation has meant products can be sold a long way from where they are made- meaning transport over a long distances creates more pollution.
Why does increased global trade cause more waste?
Increased global trade means people have access to more products at low prices, so they can afford to be more wasteful, e.g people throw away damaged clothes instead of repairing them because its cheaper to just buy more.
Lots of waste ends up as landfill if not recycled.
What have some governments done to help deter the consequences of globalisation?
Trading carbon credits- if they emit less they can sell the extra credits but if they emit more they buy credits.
This encourages reductions in carbon emissions caused by transportation and reduces amount of shipping and oil pollution.
Countries can gain credits by planting trees.
What have some governments done to help deter the consequences of globalisation?
Stating distance transported - consumers can buy products that haven’t travelled as far.
Using recycled materials.
What have some individuals done to help deter the consequences of globalisation?
Buy fair trade
Buying local
Recycling
