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PMQA > [MIDTERMS] PMQA LEC - Liquids > Flashcards

[MIDTERMS] PMQA LEC - Liquids Flashcards

1
Q

Factors Affecting the “Rate” of Solubility

A

• Particle Size
• Agitation
• Temperature
• Molecular Structure
• Effects of Other Substances
• pH

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2
Q

Two (2) Types of Temperature

A
  1. Endothermic
  2. Exothermic
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3
Q

A type of temperature whereas the solubility decreases with increase temperature.

A

Endothermic

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4
Q

A type of temperature whereas the solubility increases with increase temperature.

A

Exothermic

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5
Q

Two (2) Types of pH

A
  1. Weak Base
  2. Weak Acid
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6
Q

A type of pH that is not very soluble in water, but soluble in diluted acid solutions.

A

Weak Base

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7
Q

A type of pH that will form water soluble salts in basic solutions.

A

Weak Acid

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8
Q

A solvent for liquid preparations that is commonly and widely used.

A

Water

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9
Q

These solvents for liquid preparations are good solvents for most organic compounds.

A
  1. Alcohol USP
  2. Ethyl Alcohol
  3. Ethanol
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10
Q

Give the Alcohol Content of the Following:

  1. Alcohol USP
  2. Ethyl Alcohol
  3. Ethanol
A

94.9% to 96%

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11
Q

It is also known as Absolute Alcohol.

A

Dehydrated Alcohol

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12
Q

Give the Alcohol Content of Dehydrated Alcohol

A

99.5%

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13
Q

The Alcohol Content of Rubbing Alcohol

A

70% Alcohol

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14
Q

Give an Example of Rubbing Alcohol

A

Isoprophyl Alcohol (90%)

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15
Q

Isoprophyl Alcohol is can be use for __________.

A

Diabetic Person

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16
Q

A solvent for liquid preparations that is considered as best solvent for tannins and phenols.

A

Glycerin USP (Glycerol)

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17
Q

A solvent for liquid preparations that is used to dissolve hexane and fixed oil.

A

Chloroform

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18
Q

A solvent for liquid preparations that is miscible to organic compound.

A

Acetone

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19
Q

Methods of Preparing Solutions

A
  1. Simple Solution
  2. Solution by Chemical Reaction
  3. Solution by Extraction
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20
Q

A method of preparing solutions that combine solute and solvent.

A

Simple Solution

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21
Q

It is also known as Lime Water.

A

Calcium Hydroxide

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22
Q

It is also known as Strong Iodine Solution.

A

Lugol’s Solution

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23
Q

It came from the word “Macerare” meaning, to soak.

A

Macerate

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24
Q

It came from the word “Per” meaning, true; and “Colation” meaning, straining.

A

Percolation

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25
Q

A gentle heat.

A

Digestion

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26
Q

This where vegetable drugs coarsely comminuted.

A

Infusion

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27
Q

This where vegetable drugs can be boiled.

A

Decoction

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28
Q

Cylindrical with little if any taper except for the lower orifice is also called __________.

A

Oldberg Percolator

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29
Q

The Rates of Flow

A
  1. Percolate Slowly
  2. Percolate at Moderate Rate
  3. Percolate Rapidly
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30
Q

A rate will not exceeding 1 mL of percolate / minute.

A

Percolate Slowly

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31
Q

A rate of 1 to 3 mL / minute.

A

Percolate at Moderate Rate

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32
Q

A rate of 3 to 5 mL per minute.

A

Percolate Rapidly

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33
Q

Three (3) Forms of Extract

A
  1. Semi-Liquid
  2. Pilular
  3. Powdered
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34
Q

A form of extracts that has syrupy consistency.

A

Semi-Liquid

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35
Q

A form of extracts that has plastic consistency.

A

Pilular

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36
Q

A type of extracts prepared to be dry by the removal of all the solvent.

A

Powdered

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37
Q

The pH level of Purified Water is __________.

A

pH 5 to 7

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38
Q

Three (3) Types of Purified Water.

A
  1. Distillation
  2. Deionization
  3. Reverse Osmosis
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39
Q

Flowing Waters

A

Deionization

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40
Q

It is also known as Demineralization.

A

Deionization

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41
Q

It is also known as Cross Flow or as Tangential Flow.

A

Reverse Osmosis

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42
Q

WFI

A

Water for Injection

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43
Q

It is for production, not for injection.

A

Water for Injection

44
Q

SWFI

A

Sterile Water for Injection
Sterile Water for Inhalation
Sterile Water for Irrigation

45
Q

BWFI

A

Bacteriostatic Water for Injection

46
Q

The well known Zeolite Process of softening water high mineral content.

A

Demineralization

47
Q

Transport of solvent through semipermeable membrane separating 2 solutions of different concentrations.

A

Reverse Osmosis

48
Q

A clear saturated aqueous solution (unless otherwise specified) of volatile oils or other aromatic or volatile substances.

A

Medicated Water

49
Q

Lavatio Ori

A

Washes

50
Q

Collutorium

A

Mouthwashes

51
Q

Collunarium

A

Nasal Washes

52
Q

Collyrium

A

Eye Washes

53
Q

These are vaginal antiseptics used for cleansing.

A

Douches

54
Q

It is also known as Clyster.

A

Enemas

55
Q

Two (2) Types of Enemas

A
  1. Evacuation Enemas
  2. Retention Enemas
56
Q

It is also known as Fleet Enemas.

A

Evacuation Enemas

57
Q

A liquid preparation composed by Pyroxillin.

A

Collodion

58
Q

It is also known as Soluble Gun Cotton.

A

Pyroxillin

59
Q

A clear or slightly opalescent viscous liquid prepared by dissolving 4% weight per volume pyroxillin in 3:1 mixture of ether and alcohol.

A

Collodion, USP

60
Q

A type of collodion that is prepared by adding 2% of camphor and 3% of castor oil to collodion.

A

Flexible Collodion

61
Q

A type of collodion that is added with 10% salicylic acid.

A

Salicylic Acid Collodion

62
Q

Formerly called as Essences.

A

Spirits

63
Q

Alcohol Content of Elixirs

A

5% to 40%

64
Q

Alcohol Content of Spirits

A

NMT 60%

65
Q

Alcohol Content of Tintures

A

15% to 80%

66
Q

These are preparations used for the temporary relief of toothache by application of small cotton saturated with the product into the tooth cavity.

A

Toothache Drops

67
Q

These are clear, pleasantly flavored, sweetened hydroalcoholic liquids intented for oral as compared to syrup.

A

Elixirs

68
Q

Defined as alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution prepared from vegetable material or from chemical substance.

A

Tincture

69
Q

It is also known as Galenicals.

A

Fluidextract

70
Q

Three (3) Processes of Fluidextract

A
  1. Process A
  2. Process B and D
  3. Process C and E
71
Q

A process which entails exhaustive percolation with an alcoholic or hydroalcoholic menstruum.

A

Process A

72
Q

A process which is used in the preparation of fluidextract with boiling water as the menstruum and alcohol generally added to the concentrated percolate as preservative.

A

Process B and D

73
Q

A process which is intended to facilitate total drug extraction by collecting 1000 mL of percolate from each 1000 g of drug.

A

Process C and E

74
Q

It is also known as Embrocations.

A

Liniments

75
Q

These are alcoholic or oleaginous solutions or emulsions of various medicinal substances intended for external application to the skin, generally with rubbing.

A

Liniments

76
Q

These are concentrated solutions of sugar in water or other aqueous liquids with or without added flavoring agents and medicinal substances.

A

Syrups

77
Q

Three (3) Types of Syrup

A
  1. Simple Syrup
  2. Medicated Syrup
  3. Non-Medicated / Flavored Syrup
78
Q

A type of syrup that is concentrated solution of sucrose in purified water alone.

A

Simple Syrup

79
Q

A type of syrup that is aqueous solution of sucrose containing other substances as Polyols.

A

Medicated Syrup

80
Q

A type of syrup that is contained various aromatic and pleasantly flavored substances and is intended as vehicle or flavor of preparations.

A

Non-Medicated / Flavored Syrup

81
Q

It may be used as the substitute for sucrose in syrups containing strong acids in order to eliminate the discoloration associated with caramelization.

A

Dextrose

82
Q

These are non-nutritives, synthetic sweetening agents required in the formulation.

A

Sweeteners

83
Q

It is also known as Clarified or Strained.

A

Honey

84
Q

It is the secretion deposited in the honeycomb of the bee and consists of mixture of invert sugar.

A

Honey

85
Q

These are thick, viscid, adhesive liquids, produced by dispersing gum in water.

A

Mucilages

86
Q

Solutions of mixtures of medicinal or pharmaceutical substances in glycerin.

A

Glycerites

87
Q

These are aqueous liquid preparations which contains suspended insoluble solid substances and are intended for external use.

A

Mixtures

88
Q

Administered by the nasal route or oral respiratory route for either local or systemic effect carried into the respiratory passage by the use of special delivery systems.

A

Inhalations

89
Q

Advantages of Inhalations

A
  • Ease of Administration
  • Immediate Availability for Absorption
90
Q

Disadvantages of Inhalations

A
  • Technical Problems
  • Special Techniques Required for Poorly Soluble Drugs
  • Required Pharmaceutical Elegance with Regards to Taste, Appearance, and Viscosity
91
Q

Factors that Affect Light / Radiation

A

A. Intensity of the Wavelength of Light
B. Size of the Container
C. Shape of the Container

92
Q

A container with light transmission above 300 nm.

A

Flint / Colorless Glass Container

93
Q

A container with light transmission above 470 nm.

A

Amber / Light Resistant Glass Container

94
Q

Four (4) Types of Containers

A
  1. Glass
  2. Plastic
  3. Metal
  4. Rubber
95
Q

It has been the container of choice.

A

Glass Containers

96
Q

Highly Resistant Borosilicate Glass

A

Type I Glass Container

97
Q

Treated Soda Lime Glass

A

Type II Glass Container

98
Q

Soda Lime Glass for Dry Products

A

Type III Glass Container

99
Q

General Purpose Soda Lime Glass

A

Type IV Glass Container

100
Q

A type of glass containers that is generally suitable for all parenterals.

A

Type I

101
Q

A type of glass containers which treated with sulfur dioxide; suitable for parenteral solutions, which is buffered; has pH below 7; not reactive with the glass.

A

Type II

102
Q

A type of glass containers that is suitable for anhydrous parenteral liquids or dry substances.

A

Type III

103
Q

A type of glass containers which is not for parenteral use; suitably only for tablets, capsules, suspensions, ointments, and extractives.

A

Type IV

104
Q

Two (2) Tests for Glass Containers

A
  1. Powdered Glass Test
  2. Water Attack Test
105
Q

A test for glass containers that performed on ground to expose internal surface.

A

Powdered Glass Test

PMQA (9 decks)

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