[MIDTERMS] PMQA LAB : Exercise 07 - Mineral Oil Emulsion

Question 1

Raw Materials of Mineral Oil Emulsion

Answer 1

1. Mineral Oil
2. Acacia
3. Syrup
4. Vanillin
5. Alcohol
6. Purified Water

Question 2

Active Ingredient (Laxative)

Answer 2

Mineral Oil

Question 3

Emulsifying Agent

Answer 3

Acacia

Question 4

Sweetener

Answer 4

Syrup

Question 5

Flavorant

Answer 5

Vanillin

Question 6

Co-Solvent, Stabilizer

Answer 6

Alcohol

Question 7

Vehicle

Answer 7

Purified Water

Question 8

Raw Materials of Mineral Oil Emulsion

Answer 8

1. Mineral Oil
2. Acacia
3. Syrup
4. Vanillin
5. Alcohol
6. Purified Water

Question 9

Active Ingredient (Laxative)

Answer 9

Mineral Oil

Question 10

Emulsifying Agent

Answer 10

Acacia

Question 11

A dispersed system in which the dispersed phase is composed of small globules of liquid distributed throughout the vehicle in which it is immiscible.

Answer 11

Emulsion

Question 12

Particle Size of Emulsion

Answer 12

0.1 to 100 microns

Question 13

Purposes of Formulating an Emulsion

Answer 13

• Increased Drug Solubility
• Prolonged Drug Action
• Improved Taste
• Improved Appearance

Question 14

Two (2) Phases of Emulsion

Answer 14

1. Disperse Phase
2. Dispersion Medium

Question 15

It is the undissolve or immiscible drug distributed throughout the liquid vehicle.

Answer 15

Disperse Phase

Question 16

It is the liquid vehicle, to which the insoluble drug is distributed.

Answer 16

Dispersion Medium

Question 17

Three (3) Factors that Determine the Emulsion Type

Answer 17

1. Emulsifier
2. Phase Ratio
3. Order or Mixing

Question 18

Four (4) Types of Emulsion

Answer 18

1. Oil-In-Water
2. Water-In-Oil
3. Microemulsion
4. Multiple Emulsions

Question 19

An emulsion type where oil is dispersed as droplets in an aqueous medium.

Answer 19

Oil-In-Water

Question 20

An emulsion type where water is dispersed in an oil or oleaginous medium.

Answer 20

Water-In-Oil

Question 21

An emulsion type where it appears translucent or transparent and have droplet diameter in nanometer size range.

Answer 21

Microemulsion

Question 22

It is molecule which has two parts, one is hydrophilic and the other is hydrophobic. Upon the addition of SAA, it tends to form monolayer film at the oil-in-water interface.

Answer 22

Emulsifying Agents

Question 23

(T/F): Emulsifying Agents are the same as Surface Active Agent (SAA).

Answer 23

T

Question 24

Three (3) Types of Emulsifying Agents

Answer 24

1. Natural Sources
2. Finely Divided Solids
3. Synthetic Emulsifying Agents

Question 25

Example/s of Natural Emulsifying Agents

Answer 25

• Acacia • Tragacanth • Pectin • Derivative of Cellulose • Gelatin, Cholesterol, and Wool Fat

Question 26

Example/s of Finely Divided Solids used as Emulsifying Agents

Answer 26

• Bentonite • Veegum • Magnesium Hydroxide • Aluminum Hydroxide • Magnesium Trisilicate

Question 27

Three (3) Example/s of Synthetic Emulsifying Agents

Answer 27

1. Cationic Surfactants 2. Anionic Surfactants 3. Non-Ionic Surfactants

Question 28

A synthetic surfactant that has marked antibacterial and anti-infective properties (e.g., quaternary ammonium compounds).

Answer 28

Cationic Surfactants

Question 29

A synthetic surfactant that forms oil-in-water emulsions (e.g., alkali soaps).

Answer 29

Anionic Surfactants

Question 30

(T/F): Spans and Tweens are examples of Non-Ionic Surfactants.

Answer 30

T

Question 31

Four (4) Methods of Preparation of Emulsions

Answer 31

1. Wet Gum Method 2. Dry Gum Method 3. Bottle Method 4. Nascent Soap Method

Question 32

Four (4) Identification Tests for Emulsions

Answer 32

1. Miscibility Test 2. Fluorescence Test 3. Conductivity Test 4. Dye Solubility Test

Question 33

Test that uses oil-in-water emulsion can be diluted with water and water-in-oil emulsion with oil. When oil is added to an oil-in-water emulsion or water to water-in-oil emulsion, the additive is not incorporated into the emulsion and separation is apparent.

Answer 33

Miscibility Test

Question 34

Test that uses oils give fluorescence under UV light, while water doesn't.

Answer 34

Fluorescence Test

Question 35

Test when pair of electrons connected to the lamp and an electrical source is dipped into an oil-in-water emulsion, the lamp lights because of the passage of current between the two electrodes. If the lamp doesn't light, it is assumed that the system is water-in-oil.

Answer 35

Conductivity Test

Question 36

Test where water soluble dye will dissolve in the aqueous phase of an emulsion while an oil soluble dye will be taken up by the oil phase.

Answer 36

Dye Solubility Test

Question 37

Test where an emulsion is added to dried filter paper soaked in cobalt chloride solution, it turns from blue to pink indicating that the emulsion is oil-in-water type.

Answer 37

Cobalt Chloride Test

Question 38

Six (6) Problems in Emulsions

Answer 38

1. Creaming 2. Cracking 3. Aggregation 4. Coalescence 5. Sedimentation 6. Phase Inversion

Question 39

Problem that refers to the separation of the concentrated emulsified droplets form the continuous phase.

Answer 39

Creaming

Question 40

Problem causing total separation of the two phases.

Answer 40

Cracking

Question 41

Problem where globules come together but do not fuse.

Answer 41

Aggregation

Question 42

Problem where globules come together and fuse.

Answer 42

Coalescence

Question 43

Problem that is the reverse of creaming.

Answer 43

Sedimentation

Question 44

Six (6) Problems in Emulsions

Answer 44

1. Creaming 2. Cracking 3. Aggregation 4. Coalescence 5. Sedimentation 6. Phase Inversion

Question 45

Problem that refers to the separation of the concentrated emulsified droplets form the continuous phase.

Answer 45

Creaming