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BACTERIOLOGY LECTURE > MIDTERMS: L4 - GRAM-POSITIVE BACILLI > Flashcards

MIDTERMS: L4 - GRAM-POSITIVE BACILLI Flashcards

1
Q

Occurs in long chains, bamboo-rod appearance

A

Bacillus anthracis

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2
Q

MOTF
Capsule (poly-D-glutamic acid) - encoded in plasmid
pXO2

Anthrax toxin - Encoded on plasmid pXO1

A

BOTH TRUE

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3
Q

MOTF
1. Protective antigen - allows entry of lethal factor and edema factor
2. Lethal factor - Acts as adenylate
cyclase which increases the host cell’s CAMP
3. Lethal factor - major virulence factor, a zinc metalloprotease that inactivates protein kinase causing death

A

1,3 - true

2 - Edema factor

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4
Q

MOTF

  1. Most common anthrax - Cutaneous anthrax
  2. Most severe - pulmonary anthrax
A

1 true, 2 false

2 - GIT anthrax

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5
Q

Characterized by localized small erythematous papule which progresses to a ring of vesicles into ulceration called black eschar

A

Cutaneous anthrax

Malignant pustule (black eschar)

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6
Q

Woolsorter’s disease or ragpicker’s disease

A

Pulmonary anthrax

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7
Q

Removes contaminating organisms in solid media

A

heat or alcohol shock

62-65°C for 15-20 mins for B. anthracis

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8
Q

Rapid presumptive immunochromatographic test that identifies B. anthracis within 15 minutes

A

Red line alert test

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9
Q

B. anthracis appear as beaten egg whites in what plate:

A. BAP
B. PLET: polymyxin B lysozyme EDTA Thallous Acetate Agar
C. GELATIN

A

B. PLET: polymyxin B lysozyme EDTA Thallous Acetate Agar

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10
Q

irregular fringe-like margin with curled or
swirling projections MEDUSA HEAD/ LION
HEAD/ COMET TAIL

A

Bacillus anthracis

Ground glass colonies

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11
Q

B. anthracis appear as _____ in GELATIN

A. Medusa Heads
B. Inverted pine tree
C. Ground glass

A

B.

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12
Q

Anthrax drug of

choice

A

Intravenous (IV) Ciprofloxacin

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13
Q 
ALL ARE CORRECT EXCEPT:
Bacillus cereus
1. Gram positive
2. Spore forming
3. Non-motile
4. Encapsulated
5. Beta-hemolytic
A

3,4

BC are motile, non-encapsulated

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14
Q
  1. B. cereus cause short incubation type of food poisoning
  2. Emetic - fried rice
  3. Nausea and vomiting
A

Emetic

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15
Q
  1. Long incubation type food poisoning
  2. Meat
  3. Diarrhea
A

Diarrheal

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16
Q

Referred as hemolysin 4

A

Cytotoxin K

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17
Q

MOTF

  1. Enterotoxin - heat labile
  2. Emetic - heat stable
A

BOTH TRUE

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18
Q

B. cereus heat shock treatment

A

70°C for 30 mins 80°C for 10 mins

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19
Q

T OR F

B. cereus appear as feather colonies and ground glass appearance

A

False

Frosted glass appearance

20
Q
  1. Used as insecticide or pesticide to control
    insects such as moth, beetles, flies
  2. Posses cellulite enterotoxin
A

B. thuringiensis

21
Q

Clostridium botulinum
- Blocks release of acetylcholine from the
presynaptic nerve terminals in the autonomic nervous system and motor end plates resulting in flaccid paralysis

A

Botulism Toxin

22
Q

Subterminal spores that resemble TENNIS

RACKET appearance

A

Clostridium botulinum

23
Q 
SELECT TRUE FOR 
Clostridium botulinum
1. Gram-negative
2. Tennis racket appearance
3. Aerobic
4. Beta hemolytic (except for type G)
5. Subterminal spores
6. Boxcar appearance
A

2,4,5

1 - gram positive
3 - strict anaerobic

24
Q 
ALL TRUE EXCEPT FOR:
Clostridium tetani
1. Tack head bacillus
2. Terminal spore
3. Peritrichous flagella
4. Swarming colonies
5. Non-hemolytic
6. Ferment carbohydrates
A

5,6

5 - beta hemolytic
6 - Does not ferment any carbohydrates

25
Q

Blocks inhibitory neurotransmitters (glycine,GABA)

A

Tetanospasmin

26
Q

Gas Gangrene bacillus

A

Clostridium perfringens

27
Q

ALL ARE TRUE FOR Clostridium perfringens except:

  1. Non-capsulated
  2. Non-motile
  3. No spores in ordinary media
  4. target/double zone of hemolysis
  5. Boxcar appearance
  6. Chopped-Meat glucose positive
A

1 - encapsulated

28
Q

Most important toxin of C. perfringens - mediate destruction of cell membranes

A

Alpha toxin

29
Q

MOTF
C. perfringens
1. CAMP test - Bowtie
2. Reverse CAMP - arrowhead

A

BOTH TRUE

30
Q

MOTF
Clostridium difficile
1. Motile
2. Non-encapsulated

A

BOTH TRUE

31
Q

MOTF
Clostridium difficile
Toxin A - potent cytotoxin

Toxin B - Potent enterotoxin; weakly cytotoxic

A

BOTH FALSE
Toxin B - potent cytotoxin

Toxin A - Potent enterotoxin; weakly cytotoxic

32
Q 
CAA (choose all apply)
Clostridum difficile
1. Oval and subterminal spore
2. Non-hemolytic on BAP
3. Horse manure odor in CCFA
4. Exhibits chartreuse characteristics
A

1,2,3,4

33
Q 
CAA
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
1. Acid fast
2. Motile
3. Spore-forming
4. Klebs-Loeffler bacillus
5. Gram positive
6. Club-shaped
A

4,5,6

  1. Non-af
  2. Non-motile
  3. Non-spore
34
Q

Possess the metachromatic granules called

Babes-Ernst granules

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

35
Q

Cervical and submandibular lymphadenopathy causing the “bull neck” appearance

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

36
Q

Can also be performed for the better visualization of the organism’s typical Chinese letter appearance

A

Loeffler’s MB

37
Q

Cornybacterium diptheriae in Modified Tinsdale Agar and Cystine Tellurite Blood Agar appear as:

A

Brown-black colonies with halo

38
Q 
CAA
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
1. Catalase positive
2. Oxidase positive
3. Urease negative
4. Oxidase negative
5. Ferment glucose and maltose, not sucrose
6. Catalase negative
A

1,2,3,5

39
Q
  • Carry tox gene
  • Bovine Mastitis
    A. C. ulcerans
    B. C. pseudotuberculosis
    C. C. minutissimum
A

A. C. ulcerans

40
Q
  • Suppurative granulomatous lymphadenitis
    A. C. ulcerans
    B. C. pseudotuberculosis
    C. C. minutissimum
A

B. C. pseudotuberculosis

41
Q 
CAA
Listeria monocytogenes
1. Non - acid fast
2. Non spore forming
3. Facultative anaerobe
3.Tumbling motility - 22-28 degree celcius
4. Umbrella - semi-solid media
5. Catalase negative
6. Esculin hydrolysis positive
A

1,2,3,4,6

5 - catalase positive

42
Q

Major virulence factor of L,monocytogenes

A

Listeriolysin

O:

43
Q 
CAA
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
1. Catalase positive
2. Non-motile
3. No capsule
4. Microaerophilic
5. Alpha hemolytic
6. Serovar 1 and 2 - human infection
7. H2s positive
A

2,3,4,5,6,7

1 - catalase negative

44
Q

Chalky, dry, crumby colonies in SDA

A

Nocardia

45
Q

Molar tooth colonies

A

Actinomyces

46
Q

Implicated in acne vulgaris, endocarditis, shunt infections

A

Propionibacterium acnes

BACTERIOLOGY LECTURE (4 decks)

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