Midterms Flashcards
CHAP 1-5
What is profession?
field of employment requires special education or skill or acquiring knowledge of a particular discipline
the labor in profession is ____ rather than physical or manual
mental and intellectual
what are the two criteria of profession?
- he has gained the knowledge through special education
- practice of his profession is predominantly mental and intellectual
enumeration
What are the four (4) essential characteristics of a profession?
- competence in a specialized body of knowledge and skill
- provision of a particular service to society
- standard of education and practice
- self-regulation
Any professional practicioner in like of health care duly licensed to practice in the Philippines
health care professional
What is fiduciary relationship?
relationship based on trust and confidence to one another
sanction of ethical area
- loss of professional reputation
- loss of professional affliation
sanction of legal requirements area
punished as prescribed by law
sanction of professional etiquette
loss of professional respect and fellowship
Immanuel Kant’s three principles
- it is based on human freedom
- immortality of the soul
- God is a Divine Being of intelligence who created an order of design
What is ethics as a practical science?
it deals with a systematized body of knowledge that can be used, practiced, and applied to human action
what is bioethics as a normative science?
it established norms or standards for the direction and regulation of human actions
What are the two types of ethics?
- General ethics
- Applied ethics
General ethics is also called as
normative ethical inquiry
Refers to the diverse ethical formulation of the general and universal concepts and principles that serves as the foundation of morality.
General ethics
Involves practical application of these ethical principles to specific issues or situations addressing real-world dilemmas in fields like medicine, business, or technology.
Applied Ethics
What are the kinds of applied ethics?
- professional ethics
- biology
- bioethics
- Deals with a factual investigation of the social patterns of a society as compared to that of other society
- Refers to all cultural practices which a particular society will accept as ethical
non-normative ethics
Attempts to disclose the underlying moral norm by which people act, judge, decide on certain ethical matters
normative ethics
What are the three evolutionary phases of bioethical studies?
- medical ethics
- research ethics
- public policy
oldest phase of bioethical exploration
medical ethics
oldest known formulation of medical ethics
hippocratic oath
this is the second phase of bioethical studies and it refers to the use of humans as experimental specimens
research ethics
attempted to humanize the cruel and barbaric nature of experiments using human species in German concentration camps.
It takes into account the experimental subjects’ consent, now known as informed consent
Nuremberg Code of 1947
Developed by the World Medical Association, the ____ provides guidelines for medical research involving human subjects. It emphasizes the importance of informed consent, confidentiality, and the necessity for ethical review by an independent committee.
Declaration of Helsinki of 1964
What is Belmont Report of 1979?
it outlines ethical principles and guidelines for research involving human subjects. It focuses on three core principles:
1. respect for persons
2. beneficence
3. justice
