midterm test 2- miller

Question 1

building blocks of friendship

Answer 1

affection (trust, respect, loyal, authentic)

communion (reliable help and support)

companionship (share interest and activities and sources of fun)

Question 2

friendship vs love

Answer 2

more flexible, less obligations

Question 3

capitalization

Answer 3

good friends enhance our delight when we share good news with them

Question 4

four types of social support

Answer 4

physical comfort- hugs and cuddling

material support- form of money and goods

advice support- form of information and guidance

emotional support- affection and acceptance,

Question 5

social support effect on happiness

Answer 5

• income has less effect on happiness than level of social support

-mental health and physiological benefits
- help feel closer to the person

Question 6

insecure people vs secure

Answer 6

support less effective,

secure people give best support and help- attentive and empathic to help what partners need

Question 7

a happy friend can increase the chance of us being happy by, and our friends friend by

Answer 7

15%

10%- even if never met them

Question 8

friend gains weight

Answer 8

57%
you will too

Question 9

friend gets lonely

Answer 9

52% become lonely too

Question 10

perceived partner responsiveness

Answer 10

judgment that someone is attentive, caring, supportive, and powerfully rewarding

Question 11

stages of friendship across the life cycle

Answer 11

childhood- cognitive development change
- interpersonal needs are more important at different ages

elementary school- acceptance
middle school- intimacy (friends of similar age and interest )
high school- sexuality

Question 12

time spent with family

Answer 12

35% in 5th grade
14% time high school senior

Question 13

stages of life- friendship development

young adulthood
midlife

Answer 13

young adulthood- intimacy or isolation
- interact with fewer friends, have deeper interdependent relationships with the friends they do have

midlife
- dyadic withdrawal- see more of lover and less of their friends, settle into romantic relationship

Older Adults
Smaller social networks, just as many close friends but spend less time with casual friends

Question 14

Socioemotional selectivity theory:

Answer 14

focused on their present instead of the future
- seak quality not quantity in relationships
Focus on present not the future as you get oldet

Question 15

safe haven switch

Answer 15

age 14
from family to peers

Question 16

shy

Answer 16

Look at others less
Smile less
Speak less often
Converse less responsively
Stand further away

Shy concern over others evaluations
timid, awkward social behavior, low eye contact, low self disclosure, and low responsiveness
Negative impressions on others, perceived to be unfriendly
Others responses less engaging, less disclosing and more distant

Question 17

best friend characteristics

Answer 17

knowledge
trust
interdependence
commitment

Question 18

what is loneliness

Answer 18

deprived from the need to belong\

1/8 Americans live alone

Question 19

social isolation vs emotional isolation

Answer 19

social isolation- people are dissatisfied because they lack a social network of friends and acquaintances

Emotional isolation- people are lonely because they lack a single intense relationship
- 27 % lonely
- 12% social and emotional isolation

Question 20

triangular love

Answer 20

Triangular theory of love. (need these to love)
Intimacy- feelings of warmth, understanding, communications, support, and sharing

Passion- sexual desire, excitement, and need

Commitment- feelings of permanence, with a decision to work to maintain the relationship

Question 21

types of love
“Liking”
“Infatuation”
“Empty love”
“Romantic love”
“Companionate love”
“Fatuous love-
“Consummate love”

Answer 21

“Liking” someone- intimacy is high, passion and commitment are both very low

“Infatuation” strong passion without any intimacy or commitment

“Empty love” commitment without intimacy or passion

“Romantic love” intimacy and passion are high

“Companionate love” intimacy and commitment are high, passion is low
- does not depend on passion

“Fatuous love- foolish/silly” passion and commitment are high, intimacy is low

“Consummate love” intimacy, passion, commitment present to a substantial degree

Question 22

oxytocin and dopamine role in love

Answer 22

• promotes sense of well being and comfort
• relaxation, reduces stress, warmer and kinder

dopamine
- reward and pleasure

Question 23

age of sex

Answer 23

age 17 is average for both men and woman

age 20 only 20% has not had sex

Question 24

extradyadic sex

Answer 24

sex with someone elses partner, outside teh relationship

Question 25

how likely is it for one to cheat

Answer 25

21% woman/ 32% man sexually unfaithful to their partner

More likely to cheat if dating or cohabitiating

Question 26

Sociosexual orientations

Answer 26

Believes and behaviours that describe our feelings about sex
Distinguish who is most likely to cheat

Question 27

Consensual non- monogamy
relationship
three different types

Answer 27

Swingers- have sex outside of a relationship, together as a couple

Polyamory- love affairs sexual and romantic with more than one person

Open relationship- have sex with others, but avoid romantic or emotional attachments

Question 28

Pluralistic ignorance-

Answer 28

wrongly believe that their feelings and beliefs are different from those of others (underestimate how often their peers use condoms and overestimate hoe frequently they have causal sex

Question 29

same sex marriage statistics

Answer 29

31- think same sex marriage should be illegal

61- support

74- marriage equality

1/3 opposed to ideal of same sex marriage
gay uncles better relationship with nieces and nephews

Question 30

4 motives for having sex

Answer 30

emotional- shows love and commitment

physical- attractiveness, pleasure gained

insecurity- boost self item

pragmatic- attain a goal, baby, jealous

Question 31

frequency of sex over age 70

Answer 31

43% men
22% woman
over 70 engaged in sex over the last 12 months

Question 32

extradyadic sex

Answer 32

sex with someone else’s partner, outside relationship

Question 33

cheating percentage

Answer 33

21% woman
32% man sexually unfaithful to their partner

Question 34

illusion of unique invulnerability

Answer 34

faulty decision making
sexual arousal
intoxication changes focus

Question 35

pluralistic ignorance

Answer 35

wrongly believe that their feelings and beliefs are different from those of others
- underestimate how often peers use condoms
-overestimate how often they have casual sex

Question 36

shy people impact on relationships

Question 37

what effect does loneliness have

Answer 37

physiological effects- direct impact on health

• have higher blood pressure, and weaker immune systems
• over the age of 50 more likely to die in the next 6 years than those with richer connections to others