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Science > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Humans should strive to live _______

A

Simply

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2
Q

According to environmentalism,all your possession should be_____________

A

Basic necessities

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3
Q

Too many possessions results in a loss of ______

A

freedom

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4
Q

Sunlight, air, forests, minerals, and water are all _______

A

natural resources

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5
Q

The introduction of harmful levels of chemicals or wastes into the environment is called_____________

A

pollution

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6
Q

When the last member of a species dies,_________is said to have occurred

A

extinction

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7
Q

Copper ore, petroleum, and diamonds are all__________

A

non renewable resources

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8
Q

during the ___________period in history, humans lived in tribes and used fires to maintain prairie habitat

A

hunter-gatherer

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9
Q

during the__________period in history, plants and animals were domesticated and human populations grew rapidly

A

agriculture

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10
Q

rapid population growth, poverty, and reduced life expectancy are all characteristics of ________countries

A

developing

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11
Q

a persons ________________is an indication of the productive area of earth needed to produce the resources consumed by that individual

A

ecological footprint

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12
Q

the essay entitled “the tragedy of the commons” was written to illustrate the environmental conflicts that occur when many people in a community take advantage of the same____________in that area

A

Resources

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13
Q

high fossil fuel consumption, low population growth rates, and high life expectancy are all charactistics of _________countries

A

developed

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14
Q

the chance that an event will happen is known as _________

A

probability

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15
Q

in statistics, the group of individuals used to represent the population is called the_______

A

sample

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16
Q

a __________________model is a systematic process you can use to help you make decisions about environmental issues

A

decision-making

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17
Q

the _________________consists of a series of steps used by scientists to identify and answer questions

A

scientific method

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18
Q

the initial source of food in most ocean and freshwater ecosystems is

A

protists

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19
Q

the initial source of food in most land ecosystems is

A

plants

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20
Q

the living and once living parts of an ecosystem, including all the plants and animals, are _____factors in the ecosystem

A

biotic

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21
Q

the nonliving parts of an ecosystem, such as rocks, light, air, and temperature, are ________factors in the ecosystem

A

abiotic

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22
Q

raccoons in tennessee and raccoons in Illinois are members of the same ______, while all the raccoons in a forest in wisconsin are a ___________of raccoons

A

species;population

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23
Q

algae are a type of organism in the kingdom of ______

A

protista

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24
Q

unlike other organisms, _______do not have cell nuclei

A

bacteria

25
Q

a mushroom is the ________structure of a fungus

A

reproductive

26
Q

yeasts that make bread rise belong to the ______kingdom

A

fungi

27
Q

many celled organisms that have cell walls and make their own food are known as

A

plants

28
Q

organisms that get their food by breaking down dead organisms are called _________

A

decomposers

29
Q

a process within the cell of an organism that uses glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy is called _______________

A

cellular respiration

30
Q

on new islands formed by volcanic activity, you will most likely find________succession

A

primary

31
Q

the first organisms to colonize any newly available area are known as _____________

A

pioneer species

32
Q

when energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, only about _______of the energy is passed to the next level

A

10%

33
Q

excessive use of __________on lawns and gardens can affect the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in nearby lakes and streams

A

fertilizers

34
Q

succession that occurs on abandoned farmland is called ________succession

A

secondary

35
Q

a lion is an example of a group of consumers called _______

A

carnivores

36
Q

bacteria and fungi are examples of a group of consumers called___________

A

decomposers

37
Q

the ultimate source of energy for all organisms except those living deep in the ocean near a thermal vent is the _____

A

sun

38
Q

the burning of ___________over many years has resulted in an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

A

fossil fuels

39
Q

the incredibly diverse vegetation in _________________ is responsible for the evolution of numerous highly specialized animal species

A

tropical rain forest

40
Q

a _______biome has an annual rainfall of less than 25 cm

A

dessert

41
Q

a forest that is located about _______north latitude would have fallen leaves on the forest floor during the fall

A

40

42
Q

due to extreme temperature conditions and simple,easily disrupted food chains, the _______is very sensitive to human disturbance

A

tundra

43
Q

the climate of a biome is determined mostly by average _________and precipitation

A

temperature

44
Q

vegetation in biomes where__________is scarce consists predominantly of short trees, shrubs, and grasses

A

precipitation

45
Q

tropical rain forests are being destroyed primarily by logging for lumber and to create open land for _____

A

homes/agriculture

46
Q

in estuaries, fresh water and salt water mix, forming a ________trap

A

nutrient

47
Q

the amount of dissolved salts in water is known as _______

A

salinity

48
Q

upstream, a river is usually cold and flows ______through a shallow riverbed

A

swiftly

49
Q

coral polyps secrete skeletons of _______________that slowly accumulate and form coral reefs

A

calcium carbonate

50
Q

most of the food in aquatic ecosystems is produced by __________

A

phytoplankton/algae

51
Q

a population’s _________is usually described as even, clumped, or random

A

dispersion

52
Q

if two species use the same food source at different times, they are _______competitors

A

indirect

53
Q

the ______________of an ecosystem for a particular species is the maximum population that the ecosystem can support indefinitely

A

carrying capacity

54
Q

a population’s _______is the number of its members per unit area or per volume

A

density

55
Q

deaths that are caused by a disease spreading through a population are _______dependent

A

density

56
Q

a species’ _____includes that species’ physical home, the environmental factors necessary for that species’ survival, and all its interactions with other organisms.

A

niche

57
Q

a type of interaction between two species in which both species are harmed is __________

A

competition

58
Q

a relationship in which two organisms live in close association, such as mutualism and commensalism is called_________

A

symbiosis

59
Q

a population has a __________growth rate when the death rate is higher than the birth rate

A

negative/declining

Science (14 decks)

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