Midterm Reverse Flashcards
Coined the term “Minoan” because of the Labyrinth layout of Knossos. He related it to the story of Theseus and the Minotaur
Who was Sir Arthur Evans?
Named the Mycenaean period of the late Bronze Age. German adventurer who made his money selling weapons to the Russians during the Crimean War, then in California by investment banking. He turned to archeology, and went to Turkey to work on a possible site of Troy. He changed the worldview of Homer’s stories from legend to “history”, but his methods were destructive, he faked records, and embellished his accounts to make his finds seem more glorious.
Who was Heinrich Schliemann?
Used Alice Kober’s system to decode Linear B. Discovered it was just Greek. No poems or literature, mostly just inventory and administrators. Taught us about Mycenaean trade, production, and political structures
Who was Michael Ventris?
Level VIIA- poor and overcrowded, siege signs, burned down after only 30 years
What was the level of Homeric Troy?
10 tribes (as opposed to the original 4), each divided into 3 trittytes
How many tribes were there in the Athenian system?
1628 BCE
When was Thera destroyed?
1200 BCE
When was Troy destroyed?
Limestone walls outside of Mycenaean cities made of huge boulders, believed to be built by cyclops
What was Cyclops (the walls of Mycenae)
Marauders that caused a panic in the Eastern Mediterranean in 1200 BCE. Thought to be a loose collection of peoples who took advantage of strife among Egypt, Mitanni, and Hittites. Some thought they led to the destruction of Mycenaean culture.
Who were the Sea Peoples?
A semi-mythical king given credit for Spartan military system, and establishing the gerousia and assembly. Nothing about him that is not disputed. Developed an oligarchy with groups of leadership. Established military organization, the tribes, and mess halls (sussitia). When he died, they built a temple for him
Who was Lykourgos?
Spartan king who was killed at Thermopylae.
Who was Leonidas?
Eponymous Archon, published a law code in 620 BCE, supposedly Athens first. Very harsh, penalties were almost all death. Biased in favor of aristocrats, but limited their power by putting the law into writing. The law on homicide was kept, others were scrapped. Class strife continued.
Who was Draco?
An early 6th century eponymous archon who drafted legislation to help civil and economic problems. Considered one of the Seven Sages of Greece and a founding father of Athens. Reconfigured Athenian politics and citizenship- changed from birth/landowner status to economic classes based on land production. Archons came from top two classes, all were permitted to attend the assembly. Set up a court to review decisions of the senate, set up the council, canceled debts, allowed craftsmen to become Athenians, set currency to Euboian weights and measures, banned exports of grain, wrote poetry to defend his legislation, formal distinction between private and public law, made sure orphan and widows were taken care of, regulations for funerals, law vs. tyranny, participation in and protection of Athens was expected
Who was Solon?
A member of the powerful Alkmaeonid family, exiled several times, Wanted vengeance on his rival Isagoras, marched on Athens with Peloponnesians, Reformed the tribes (10–>4), tribes into thirds, elected their own general, cavalry commander, and infantry commander.
Who was Kleisthenes?
