Midterm Plants Flashcards
Rue
Ruta graveolens
Garden rue, Herb of Grace
Cons: Rutin, Quercetin
Use: Capillary antihemorrhagic
Milk Thistle
Silybum marianum
• Constituents: Silibinin, Silymarin
• Hepatoprotective
Gingko
Gingko biloba
• Constituents: Gingkolides, bilolabides
• Memory enhancement
Poison Ivy
Rhus radicans
Poison Oak
Rhus toxicodendron
Poplar buds
Papulus candicans
• Const: Salicin, Populin (benzoylsalicin)
• Uses: expectorant, anti-rheumatic
• a/e: depression of clotting factors, rash
Black hawk bark
Viburnum prunifolium
• Const: Salicin, Viburmin, Scopoletin (Uterine relaxant)
• Uses: Uterine relaxant, diuretic, astringent, tonic, dysmenorrhea, tx of threatened abortion
Uva ursi
Arctostaphylos uva ursi
• Const: Arbutin
• Uses: tx of cystitis, diuretic, astringent, has antiseptic
action on the urinary tract.
Mexican vanilla
V. fragrans
• Best grade
Bourbon vanilla
V. plantifolia
• Blacker in color, covered with vanillin crystals and
possesses coumarin like odor
Tahiti vanilla
V. tahitensis
• Reddish brown in color, odor unpleasant – unpleasant for flavoring
Melilot
Melilotus officinalis
• Improperly cured leaves and flowering tops
• Cost: Melilotoside, Melilotic acid
Cantharides
Cantharis vesicatoria
• Dried insect
• Other name: Spanish flies, Russian flies,
Blistering flies
• Cons: cantharidin
• Use: Irritant, vesicant, rubefacient,
aphrodisiac (irritates urinary tract –priapism),
topical tx for warts
• Harvest: Mature insect with shinny
green metallic luster
Santonica – levant
Artemisa cina
• Const: Santonin
• Use: Anthelmintic
Bishop’s weed
Ammi majus
• Source of Psolaren
• Other name: Laceflower, bullwort
• Family: Apiaceae
• Use: Aid repigmentation in vitiligo and
symptomatic control of psoriasis
Gentian
Gentiana lutea
• Other name: Yellow gentian root, bitter root
• Family: Gentianaceae
• Dried fragmented root and rhizome
• Const: Gentiomarin, Gentiopicrin, Gentiopicroside
• Yellow color: Xanthone
• Use: Bitter tonic
Quassia
Picrasma excelsa
• Other names: Corrales, Bitter wood,
Bitter Ash
• Skinwood
• Family: Simaroubaceae
• Const: Quassin, Scopoletin
• Uses: Bitter tonic, insecticide,
enema for expulsion of threadworm
Cocculus
Anamirta cocculus
• Other names: Fish berry, Indian
berry, Ligtang, Balasing
• Family: Menispermaceae
• Fruit
• Const: Cocculin/microtoxin,
Menispermine
• Uses: Respiratory stimulant, Fish
poison
Red sandalwood
Pterocarpus santalinus
• Family: Fabaceae
• Heartwood
• Const: Santalinic acid, santalic acid
• Uses: Colorant, Material used in coloring cabinets
Hematoxylon
Hematoxylon campechianum
• Family: Fabaceae
• Other name: Logwood
• Heartwood
• Cons: Hematoxylin
Croccus
Crocus sativus
• Family: Iridaceae
• Other name: Spanish saffron
• Stigmas
• Const: Crocin (color), Picrocrocin
(taste), Safranal (odor)
• Use: coloring and flavoring agent
Beet root
Beta vulgaris
• Family: Genopodiaceae
• Const: Betanin
• Red color
Paprika
Capsicum annum
• Other name: Siling bilog
• Const: Capsanthin and capsorbin
• Orange red
Carrots
Daucus carota
• Family: Apiaceae
• Const: Carotene
• Orange
Anata
Bixa orellana
• Family: Bixaceae
• Const: Bixin
• Yellow orange
Cudbear
Lecanora acharius
• Family: Lecanoraceae
• Other name: Persio
• Const: Orcin
Litmus
Lecanora tartarea
• Other name: Turnsole
• Use: indicator for acid – base titration
Arnica
Arnica montana
• European – Arnica montana
• American – Arnica cordifolia
• Family: Asteraceae
• Other name: Mountain tobacco of Talpica
• Dried flower ends
• Const: Hellenalin
• Antirheumatic, anti-arthritic, antilipidemic,
respiratory analeptic
Calamus
Acorus calamus
• Family: Araceae
• Other name: Sweet flag, lubigan
• Dried peeled rhizome
• Const: Cadenne, Acorin, Acorane
• Uses: Carminative, Aromatic bitter, Toothache
remedy, Tonic, for dysentery
• Carcinogenic at accumulated doses
