Midterm: Lecture 8 Videos

Question 1

Crystallography extended explanation video:
Three dimensional structure of protein called…
What does it represent?

Answer 1

Lysozyme
The order of nature

Question 2

What is lysozyme?
What does it help us do?

Answer 2

An enzyme that’s in our tears, saliva, and mucus
Fight bacteria

Question 3

What does knowing the three-dimensional structure help us do?

Answer 3

Understand the mechanism of action of this enzyme and therefore how it helps fight bacteria in our bodies

Question 4

The size of the molecule…
Why?

Answer 4

Too small for us to see under a light microscope or with our naked eye
Because the wavelengths of light are much larger than the size of this tiny molecule

Question 5

Because the molecule is tiny, we have to…

Answer 5

Use radiation that’s much smaller in wavelength and use X-rays to look at these molecules

Question 6

Part 1: From proteins to crystals
Protein crystals…

Answer 6

Locked within each crystal are millions of protein molecules, all arranged in an ordered grid like structure

Question 7

By firing X-rays at protein molecules and measuring how they scatter…

Answer 7

We can work out the molecular structure of nearly any crystallized sample

Question 8

X-ray crystallography:
Through this method, some of the most important biological structures have been obtained:

Answer 8

Double helix of DNA, to numerous proteins, vitamins, drugs (Lysozyme, Vitamin C, Morphine)

Question 9

Protein production and purification lab:

Answer 9

Before setting up crystallization trials, we need to produce enough-