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Eighth Grade Social Studies > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did immigrants settle in large cities?

A

factory jobs were available for unskilled workers.

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2
Q

Why were journalists like Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair called muckrakers?

A

they exposed corruption in business and government.

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3
Q

Why do people purchase shares of stock in a corporation?

A

share in corporate profits.

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4
Q

How did primary elections make our system more democratic?

A

members of a political party could choose party candidates to represent their party.

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5
Q

What was the goal of the Women’s Suffrage movement?

A

For women to gain the right to vote.

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6
Q

What was a result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?L

A

Laws were created for safer working conditions

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7
Q

Why did people criticize the spoils system?

A

spread corruption

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8
Q

Which Supreme Court case made segregation legal as long as the facilities were equal?

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

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9
Q

What was the immediate economic result of the use of mass production?

A

reduced the cost of goods.

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10
Q

What was the benefits of the Transcontinental Railroad?

A

expanded trade nation wide, created jobs, made travel faster, cheaper, and more efficient.

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11
Q

What did Jacob Riis help to expose in How the other half lives?

A

harsh conditions in poor tenements.

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12
Q

What did Upton Sinclar help to expose in The Jungle?

A

horrible conditions in the meatpacking industry.

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13
Q

What were some examples of push factors?

A

land was scarce, harsh government rule, poverty, lack of jobs

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14
Q

What were some examples of pull factors?

A

jobs, opportunity, freedom, family

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15
Q

Who were the people that did not like immigrants?

A

Nativists

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16
Q

Why did immigrants face discrimination?

A

immigrants spoke different languages, had different religions, culture, customs. Many felt that immigrants were taking stealing jobs from Americans.

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17
Q

Yellow Journalism

A

sensational newspaper reporting that emphasized scandal and crime.

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18
Q

Why did people criticize yellow journalism?

A

emphasized scandal and crime.

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19
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act

A

banned the formation of trusts and monopolies.

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20
Q

Muckraker

A

Crusading journalists that want to expose corruption.

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21
Q

Progressive

A

reformers who wanted to improve American life.

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22
Q

Free enterprise system

A

economic system in which businesses are owned by private citizens who decide what to produce, and what prices to charge.

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23
Q

Primary Election

A

election in which voters choose their party’s candidate for the general election.

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24
Q

Corporation

A

Business owned by investors.

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25
Q

Stock

A

Share in a corporation.

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26
Q

Trusts

A

Group of businesses run by a single Board of Directors.

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27
Q

Reconstruction

A

Rebuilding of the South after the Civil War.

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28
Q

Suffrage

A

Women’s right to vote.

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29
Q

Transcontinental Railroad

A

Railroad that stretches across a continent from coast to coast.

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30
Q

Yellow Journalism

A

Sensational newspaper reporting that emphasizes scandal and crime.

31
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act

A

Bans the formation of trusts and monopolies.

32
Q

Mass-Production

A

process of making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply.

33
Q

Rebates

A

Discount.

34
Q

Consolidate

A

Merge, join, connect.

35
Q

Poll Taxes

A

Tax required before a person can vote.

36
Q

Literacy Tests

A

examination to see if a person can read and write; used to restrict voting rights.

37
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

laws that separated people of different races in public places in the South.

38
Q

Segregation

A

Legal separation of races.

39
Q

Gilded

A

Covered in gold emphasizes falseness beneath.

40
Q

Spoils System

A

Practice of giving jobs to loyal supporters.

41
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolished slavery.

42
Q

14th Amendment

A

Citizens born in the U.S. are citizens.

43
Q

15th Amendment

A

Citizens have the right to vote.

44
Q

Goal of Women’s Suffrage Movement

A

Gain the right to vote for women.

45
Q

Significant impact of the transcontinental railroad

A

expand trade nationwide.

46
Q

Immediate economic result of the use of mass-production techniques.

A

reduced the cost of goods.

47
Q

Entrepreneur

A

A person who arranges financing, organizes workers and materials, operates a business and assumes the risk.

48
Q

Supreme Court Case that made segregation legal

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

49
Q

What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?

A

Called to focus attention on Women’s rights

50
Q

Pool

A

Several companies agreed to divide up the business in an area. They then fixed their prices at a high level.

51
Q

Monopoly

A

controls all or nearly all the business of an industry.

52
Q

Dividends

A

shares of a corporation’s profit.

53
Q

Board of Directors

A

stockholders elect a board of directors to run the corporation.

54
Q

Assembly Line

A

workers stay in one place as products edge along on a moving belt.

55
Q

Patronage

A

control of appointment to government jobs.

56
Q

Regulate

A

control

57
Q

Political Bosses

A

Powerful politicians, gained power in many cities.

58
Q

Initiative

A

gave voters the right to put a bill before a state legislature.

59
Q

17th Amendment

A

allowed the direct election of senators.

60
Q

Jacob Riis

A

photographer, provided images of slum life.

61
Q

Upton Sinclair

A

wrote a novel The Jungle, exposed details about unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industry.

62
Q

Ida Tarbell

A

wrote articles about the Standard Oil Company, she focused on the unfair practices of big business.

63
Q

19th Amendment

A

gave women the right to vote.

64
Q

Temperance

A

campaign against alcohol consumption.

65
Q

18th Amendment

A

Made it illegal to sell alcoholic drinks anywhere in the U.S.

66
Q

Homestead Act

A

law promised 160 acres of free land to anyone who paid a small filing fee and farmed it for five years.

67
Q

Sharecropper

A

person who rents a plot of land from another person and farms it in exchange for a share of the crop.

68
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau

A

a government agency to help former slaves and poor whites.

69
Q

Based on the political cartoon what bill is President Andrew Johnson vetoing?

A

Freedmen’s Bureau

70
Q

Why was the Freedmen’s Bureau created?

A

It was created to help freedmen and poor whites. The Bureau provided food and clothing, set up schools for former slaves, and helped to provide medical care.

71
Q

Why were people atrracted to California in the late 1840s?

A

Search for gold

72
Q

Which term is associated with the painting American Progress?

A

manifest destiny

73
Q

What type of town is depicted in the photograph?

A

Boom town

74
Q

nativist

A

Someone who is opposed to immigration.

Eighth Grade Social Studies (14 decks)

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