Midterm Flashcards
Why did immigrants settle in large cities?
factory jobs were available for unskilled workers.
Why were journalists like Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair called muckrakers?
they exposed corruption in business and government.
Why do people purchase shares of stock in a corporation?
share in corporate profits.
How did primary elections make our system more democratic?
members of a political party could choose party candidates to represent their party.
What was the goal of the Women’s Suffrage movement?
For women to gain the right to vote.
What was a result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?L
Laws were created for safer working conditions
Why did people criticize the spoils system?
spread corruption
Which Supreme Court case made segregation legal as long as the facilities were equal?
Plessy v. Ferguson
What was the immediate economic result of the use of mass production?
reduced the cost of goods.
What was the benefits of the Transcontinental Railroad?
expanded trade nation wide, created jobs, made travel faster, cheaper, and more efficient.
What did Jacob Riis help to expose in How the other half lives?
harsh conditions in poor tenements.
What did Upton Sinclar help to expose in The Jungle?
horrible conditions in the meatpacking industry.
What were some examples of push factors?
land was scarce, harsh government rule, poverty, lack of jobs
What were some examples of pull factors?
jobs, opportunity, freedom, family
Who were the people that did not like immigrants?
Nativists
Why did immigrants face discrimination?
immigrants spoke different languages, had different religions, culture, customs. Many felt that immigrants were taking stealing jobs from Americans.
Yellow Journalism
sensational newspaper reporting that emphasized scandal and crime.
Why did people criticize yellow journalism?
emphasized scandal and crime.
Sherman Antitrust Act
banned the formation of trusts and monopolies.
Muckraker
Crusading journalists that want to expose corruption.
Progressive
reformers who wanted to improve American life.
Free enterprise system
economic system in which businesses are owned by private citizens who decide what to produce, and what prices to charge.
Primary Election
election in which voters choose their party’s candidate for the general election.
Corporation
Business owned by investors.
Stock
Share in a corporation.
Trusts
Group of businesses run by a single Board of Directors.
Reconstruction
Rebuilding of the South after the Civil War.
Suffrage
Women’s right to vote.
Transcontinental Railroad
Railroad that stretches across a continent from coast to coast.
Yellow Journalism
Sensational newspaper reporting that emphasizes scandal and crime.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Bans the formation of trusts and monopolies.
Mass-Production
process of making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply.
Rebates
Discount.
Consolidate
Merge, join, connect.
Poll Taxes
Tax required before a person can vote.
Literacy Tests
examination to see if a person can read and write; used to restrict voting rights.
Jim Crow Laws
laws that separated people of different races in public places in the South.
Segregation
Legal separation of races.
Gilded
Covered in gold emphasizes falseness beneath.
Spoils System
Practice of giving jobs to loyal supporters.
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery.
14th Amendment
Citizens born in the U.S. are citizens.
15th Amendment
Citizens have the right to vote.
Goal of Women’s Suffrage Movement
Gain the right to vote for women.
Significant impact of the transcontinental railroad
expand trade nationwide.
Immediate economic result of the use of mass-production techniques.
reduced the cost of goods.
Entrepreneur
A person who arranges financing, organizes workers and materials, operates a business and assumes the risk.
Supreme Court Case that made segregation legal
Plessy v. Ferguson
What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?
Called to focus attention on Women’s rights
Pool
Several companies agreed to divide up the business in an area. They then fixed their prices at a high level.
Monopoly
controls all or nearly all the business of an industry.
Dividends
shares of a corporation’s profit.
Board of Directors
stockholders elect a board of directors to run the corporation.
Assembly Line
workers stay in one place as products edge along on a moving belt.
Patronage
control of appointment to government jobs.
Regulate
control
Political Bosses
Powerful politicians, gained power in many cities.
Initiative
gave voters the right to put a bill before a state legislature.
17th Amendment
allowed the direct election of senators.
Jacob Riis
photographer, provided images of slum life.
Upton Sinclair
wrote a novel The Jungle, exposed details about unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industry.
Ida Tarbell
wrote articles about the Standard Oil Company, she focused on the unfair practices of big business.
19th Amendment
gave women the right to vote.
Temperance
campaign against alcohol consumption.
18th Amendment
Made it illegal to sell alcoholic drinks anywhere in the U.S.
Homestead Act
law promised 160 acres of free land to anyone who paid a small filing fee and farmed it for five years.
Sharecropper
person who rents a plot of land from another person and farms it in exchange for a share of the crop.
Freedmen’s Bureau
a government agency to help former slaves and poor whites.
Based on the political cartoon what bill is President Andrew Johnson vetoing?
Freedmen’s Bureau
Why was the Freedmen’s Bureau created?
It was created to help freedmen and poor whites. The Bureau provided food and clothing, set up schools for former slaves, and helped to provide medical care.
Why were people atrracted to California in the late 1840s?
Search for gold
Which term is associated with the painting American Progress?
manifest destiny
What type of town is depicted in the photograph?
Boom town
nativist
Someone who is opposed to immigration.
