Midterm

Question 0

Carbohydrate

Answer 0

C H O

Question 1

Lipid

Answer 1

C H (and a little) O
Saturated: no double bonds between c's
Unsaturated: double bond

Question 2

Protein

Answer 2

C H O N S

Question 3

3 groups in proteins

Answer 3

R group: big
Carboxyl: choo
Amino: nhh

Question 4

Nucleic acid

Answer 4

C H O N P

Question 5

is most prominent in plant cells and is designed to hold water and other nutrients; vesicles are made in all eukaryotic cells

Answer 5

Vacuole

Question 6

animal cells only; “garbage disposals” of the cell

Answer 6

Lysosomes

Question 7

comprised of microfilaments and microtubules that give the cell its shape (includes cilia and flagella)

Answer 7

Cytoskeleton

Question 8

animal cells only; involved in cell division

Answer 8

Centrioles

Question 9

protein manufacturers; can be found free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 9

Ribosomes

Question 10

rough (proteins synthesized here) or smooth (lipids synthesized here and detoxification occurs here as well)

Answer 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

shipping/receiving; proteins are tagged for a particular final destination, and Golgi helps them get to where they need to go (within or outside of a cell)

Answer 11

Golgi apparatus

Question 12

Photo synthesis equation

Answer 12

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light =C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Question 13

C
N
O
S
P

Answer 13

4
3
2
2
3

Question 14

C1) Can a theory change over time? Explain why or why not, using cell theory as an example.

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

4) Most enzymes in the human body work best at 37oC. Imagine scientists have discovered an enzyme in the body that works best at 39oC. What processes or functions might this enzyme be involved in?
H

Answer 15

It may have acid

Question 16

6) Compare and contrast adhesion and cohesion, using capillary action (meniscus formation) as an example.

Answer 16

Cohesion: attracted to its self
Adhesion: attraction to something else

Question 17

11) Discuss the relationship between autotrophs and heterotrophs. Do all heterotrophs depend on autotrophs for their survival? Explain your answer.

Answer 17

Auto trophs eat there own food

Hetero trophs eats other things

Question 18

12) What effect does weather have on the rate of photosynthesis? Explain your answer in terms of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

Answer 18

More sun the rate of photosynthesis happens quicker. Light depended get O2 and light independent get sugars

Question 19

Anaerobic bs arebic

Answer 19

Anaerobic: sprint
Aerobic: distance

Question 20

5) During exercise, many chemical changes occur in the body, including a drop in blood pH, which can be very serious. How is the body able to cope with such changes?

Answer 20

• A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy “hump” (p 52); enzymes are proteins that are catalysts