MIDTERM 3: offender populations

Question 1

mentally ill persons are more likely to be victimizers rather than be victimized. t or f

Answer 1

False: more likely to be victimized

Question 2

what contributes(ed) to the over-representation of aboriginals in the criminal justice system?

Answer 2

colonialism

Question 3

most institutions have the necessary resources to provide proper intervention to the mentally ill BUT are disabled by government agendas. t or f

Answer 3

FALSE: most institutions do NOT have necessary resources

Question 4

profile of female offenders are …

Answer 4

• involved in non-violent crime
• likely to be unemployed on admission
• less or = to grade 9
• disproportionately aboriginal
• 2/3 inmates are mothers
• 90% of federal inmates reported being secually or physically abused
• lots of substance use
• high HIV infection
• 25% engage in self-injuring behavoirs
• 3x more likely than men to be diagnosed with depression

Question 5

the overrepresentation of the mentally ill has been explained in terms of …

Answer 5

• deinstitutionalization
• criminalization
• stigma

Question 6

those who are mentally ill are a geater threat to others rather than themselves

Answer 6

False: the opposite

Question 7

rates of female incarceration is rising. t or f

Answer 7

true

Question 8

most offenders have not been convicted of a drug offence. t or f

Answer 8

False: more than 25% have

Question 9

what is the most effective way to targeting the access and use of substances in institutions?

Answer 9

harm reduction strategies

Question 10

what ethnic group in canada has the highest levels of incarceration, arrest, and offences?

Answer 10

Aboriginals

Question 11

what was “creating choices”? who did it speak to?

Answer 11

report of the task force on federally sentenced women

• removed and replaced P4W
• key principles
  
  • empowerment
  • meaningful and responsible choices
  • dignity and respect
  • supportive envionrments
  • shared responsibilty
• problems include:
  
  • lack of attention to women centeredness
  • inability to accomodate maximum security offenders

Question 12

with regards to substance abuse, what is a key predictor of recidivism and other criminogenic needs??

Answer 12

substance abuse

Question 13

90% of crimes are attributed to alcohol or illicit substances. t or f

Answer 13

False: 40-50%

Question 14

what are the challenges for womens corrections in canada?

Answer 14

• womens pathways to crime is different from mens
• womens needs are different from mens
• women were correctional afterthoughts (i.e. sent to kingston penitentiary

Question 15

what are the 2 points raised about substance use in prison?

Answer 15

1. detoxification on admission
2. treatment, security, and safety

Question 16

women are involved in non-violent, property, and drug offences. t or f

Answer 16

true

Question 17

what is the CCRA? what does it do with respect to aboriginal populations?

Answer 17

Corrections and Conditional Release Act

• allows aboriginal involvement in development of correctional services, policies, and programs
• stablished healing lodges
• problems: this is done after the fact -> these things dont get to the root of the problem

Question 18

what is the first nations policing program? discuss

Answer 18

allows aboriginal communities to determine how they will be policed

+ goal to ensure culturally appropriate policing in aboriginal communities

+ gladue decision -> courts consider colonialist actions -> impose any other sanction other than incarceration

• 70% of individuals live off reserve
• more likely to live in poverty strucken, dangerous, and marginalized communities
• gladue hasnt had much of an impact

Question 19

what has shown to be beneficial but ineffective at targeting mental health needs?

A) community services

B) institutionalization

C) deinstitutionalization

D) diversion programs

Answer 19

D