Midterm 3 (continue use after each quiz) Flashcards
What type of estrogen is common in menopause?
Estrone E1
What type of estrogen is common in productive years?
Estradiol E2
What type of estrogen is common in pregnancy?
Estratriol E3
What is the synthetic steroidal estrogen?
Ethinyl Estradiol
What is the synthetic non-steroidal estrogen?
Diethylstilbesterol
What does combo progesterone and estrogen do for contraception?
decreases ovulation 100%
What does progestin only do for contraception? (minipill)
decreases ovulation 50-80%
thickens mucus to slow sperm down
What is monophasic, biphasic, triphasic for contraception?
Mono: constant dose of estrogen and progesterone
Bi: dose of one or both change one time
Tri: dose changes 2 times
What does Tamoxifen do? What’s it also used to treat?
blocks estrogen actions in breast for breast cancer.
Also used for oral contraception
What does Mifepristone do? When is it used?
Blocks progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors for oral contraception.
Morning after sex.
What does Danazol do?
Side effect?
suppresses ovarian function oral contraception.
Masculinizing side effect
What drug is ovulation inducing to promote pregnancy?
Clomiphene
What drug is a primary treatment for gout? how does it work?
Allopurinol.
decreases synthesis of purines.
What drugs can be used for anti inflammatory (steroids)? 3
Dexamethasone
Cortisone
Prednisone
What two drugs are keratolytics?
How does it works?
2 uses?
Salicylic acid.
Benzoyl peroxide.
Removes the keratin layer to open glands.
Wart removers/Acne
What 2 retinoid drugs are there?
What are they used for?
Side effects?
What are they derived from?
Tretinoin (topical)
Isotretinoin (systemic): major birth defects.
Acne.
Derived from Vit A.
What drugs are Muscle relaxants? MOA (BCDD)
Baclofen (GABA B antagonist)
Carisoprodol (sedative in Soma)
Diazepam
Dantrolene (alters Ca++ trafficking)
What two drugs are good antivirals for shingles and herpes? What do they work good on?
Which one is longer acting?
Acyclovir (best on HSV)
Famciclovir (best on VSV and HSV)
Famciclovir is longer acting.
What are two DMARD (disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs)?
MOA?
3 side effects?
Sulfasalazine.
Methotrexate.
Slow inflammation and bone damage in arthritis.
Hepatotoxic, Stomatitis, Immunosuppressed.
What are non-drug treatments for acne?
UV-phototherapy
What are 2 non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs?
MOA for both?
Tubocurarine, Acetylchoninerase
Tubo: depolarizing Nicotinic receptors.
Acet: blocks by overwhelming with ACh
What does Dapson, Clindimycin, Erythromycin, Tetracyclin do for acne?
eliminates bacteria that’s causing it.
What’s a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent? MOA?
What can make it irreversible?
Succinylcholine.
Succ: Blocks Nicotinic receptors by desensitizing.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
What is foscarnet used for?
Why’s it good?
MOA?
Antiviral.
Less resistance problems.
Non-thymidine dependent.
What is Pilocarpine for?
How does it work?
What type of drug is it?
Glaucoma.
Increases outflow of aqueous humor by contracting ciliary muscle.
Cholinomimetic.
What is Timolol for?
How does it work?
What type of drug is it?
Glaucoma.
decreases aqueous humor secretion for open angle glaucoma.
Beta blocker.
What type of Alpha-agonist is used to treat Glaucoma?
Epinephrine
What is Lantanoprost used for?
How does it work?
What type of drug is it?
Glaucoma.
increases outflow of aqueous humor.
prostaglandin.
What is acetazolamide used for?
How does it work?
Glaucoma.
Reduces aqueous humor secretion.
What are the drugs for Glaucoma? LEPAT
Lantanoprost. Epinephrine. Pilocarpine. Acetazolamide. Timolol.
What do anticholinergics (amphetamines) do to glaucoma?
Make it worse.
What is Bevacizumab used for?
What type of drug is it?
Age-related Macular degeneration.
Monoclonal Ab drug.
What are the drugs for Meniere disease (ear disease)? DMD PH
Diazepam Meclizine Dexamethasone Promethazine Hydrochlorothiazide.
What is Diazepam used for?
Meniere disease of the ear
What is Meclizine and Promethazine used for?What type of drug is it?
What symptoms does it relieve?
Meniere disease of the ear.
H1 blocker.
Motion sickness relief.
What is Dexamethasone used for?
How is it administered and how does it relieve symptoms?
Meniere disease of the ear.
Injected into ear, it reduces fluid.
What is hydrochlorothiazide used for?
How does it work?
Meniere disease of the ear.
Regulates fluid volume and pressure in ear.
What ear problem does Ceclafor/Clavulanate or Amoxicillin/ help with?
What are the second level drugs to help with this disease?
Otitis media infections
Trimethoprim/Macrolides
What’s are 2 new treatment strategy drugs for cancer?
How does it work?
Imatinib. Erlotinib
Imat: Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor.
Erlo: blocks epidermal growth factor
What’s an alkylating agent drug for cancer?
How does it work?
What type of cancer does it treat?
Cyclophosphamide.
Transfers alkyl groups to various cell constituents such as DNA.
Brain cancer.
What’s a Nitrosourea drug for Cancer?
Whats good about it?
Procarbazine
Crosses BBB
What’s a platinum analog drug for cancer?
Cisplatin
What’s an antimetabolite drug for cancer?
How does it work?
Methyltrexate.
Interferes with proliferating DNA.
What are 2 natural product chemotherapy drugs?
How does it work?
Vinblastine or Vincristine.
Inhibits tubulin polymerization.
What’s are 3 anti-tumor antibiotic drug for cancer?
What cancer do they treat?
MOA?
Anthracycline. doxorubicin/bleomycin
breast cancer
forms free radicals that bind DNA
What is MOA of Fluorouracil as a cancer drug?
What does fluorocil treat?
Inhibits thymidine synthase and NDA synthase.
Colon cancer
What drug treats Multiple myeloma?
Prednisone
What are 3 types of H2 receptors blockers to use for GERD? one side effect.
What are the 3 OTC’s for GERD? What side effect for each one?
Cimetidine (headaches)
Famotidine
Ranitidine
Mg (diarrhea)
Bicarb (farts, acid rebound)
Calcium carbonate (constipation)
What are 3 types of proton pump inhibitors for GERD?
Side effects?
Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
Esomeprazoleq
Side effects: Canker sores
What to treat peptic ulcer disease with? 2 drugs…What is the second drug made of?
Milk of magnesia
Prevpac (lansoprazole, amoxicillin)
What 2 drugs for constipation? How do they work?
Bisacodyl (smooth muscle stimulant)
Docusate (water retention in poop)
What are 3 drugs for Diarrhea?
Loperamine (Imodium)
Atropine (Anti-cholinergics)
Bismuth
What is the drug for Irritable Bowel syndrome, which symptom does it work for? MOA?
Linaclotide (constipation)
MOA: guanylate cyclase agonist
What are 3 drugs for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?What types of drug are they?
Mesalamine (antiinflammatory)
Corticosteroids (antiinflammatory)
Metronidazole (antibiotic)
