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Human Disease and Therapeutics > Midterm 3 (continue use after each quiz) > Flashcards

Midterm 3 (continue use after each quiz) Flashcards

1
Q

What type of estrogen is common in menopause?

A

Estrone E1

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2
Q

What type of estrogen is common in productive years?

A

Estradiol E2

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3
Q

What type of estrogen is common in pregnancy?

A

Estratriol E3

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4
Q

What is the synthetic steroidal estrogen?

A

Ethinyl Estradiol

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5
Q

What is the synthetic non-steroidal estrogen?

A

Diethylstilbesterol

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6
Q

What does combo progesterone and estrogen do for contraception?

A

decreases ovulation 100%

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7
Q

What does progestin only do for contraception? (minipill)

A

decreases ovulation 50-80%

thickens mucus to slow sperm down

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8
Q

What is monophasic, biphasic, triphasic for contraception?

A

Mono: constant dose of estrogen and progesterone
Bi: dose of one or both change one time
Tri: dose changes 2 times

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9
Q

What does Tamoxifen do? What’s it also used to treat?

A

blocks estrogen actions in breast for breast cancer.

Also used for oral contraception

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10
Q

What does Mifepristone do? When is it used?

A

Blocks progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors for oral contraception.
Morning after sex.

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11
Q

What does Danazol do?

Side effect?

A

suppresses ovarian function oral contraception.

Masculinizing side effect

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12
Q

What drug is ovulation inducing to promote pregnancy?

A

Clomiphene

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13
Q

What drug is a primary treatment for gout? how does it work?

A

Allopurinol.

decreases synthesis of purines.

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14
Q

What drugs can be used for anti inflammatory (steroids)? 3

A

Dexamethasone
Cortisone
Prednisone

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15
Q

What two drugs are keratolytics?
How does it works?
2 uses?

A

Salicylic acid.
Benzoyl peroxide.
Removes the keratin layer to open glands.
Wart removers/Acne

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16
Q

What 2 retinoid drugs are there?
What are they used for?
Side effects?
What are they derived from?

A

Tretinoin (topical)
Isotretinoin (systemic): major birth defects.
Acne.
Derived from Vit A.

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17
Q

What drugs are Muscle relaxants? MOA (BCDD)

A

Baclofen (GABA B antagonist)
Carisoprodol (sedative in Soma)
Diazepam
Dantrolene (alters Ca++ trafficking)

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18
Q

What two drugs are good antivirals for shingles and herpes? What do they work good on?
Which one is longer acting?

A

Acyclovir (best on HSV)
Famciclovir (best on VSV and HSV)
Famciclovir is longer acting.

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19
Q

What are two DMARD (disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs)?
MOA?
3 side effects?

A

Sulfasalazine.
Methotrexate.
Slow inflammation and bone damage in arthritis.
Hepatotoxic, Stomatitis, Immunosuppressed.

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20
Q

What are non-drug treatments for acne?

A

UV-phototherapy

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21
Q

What are 2 non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs?

MOA for both?

A

Tubocurarine, Acetylchoninerase
Tubo: depolarizing Nicotinic receptors.
Acet: blocks by overwhelming with ACh

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22
Q

What does Dapson, Clindimycin, Erythromycin, Tetracyclin do for acne?

A

eliminates bacteria that’s causing it.

23
Q

What’s a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent? MOA?

What can make it irreversible?

A

Succinylcholine.
Succ: Blocks Nicotinic receptors by desensitizing.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

24
Q

What is foscarnet used for?
Why’s it good?
MOA?

A

Antiviral.
Less resistance problems.
Non-thymidine dependent.

25
Q

What is Pilocarpine for?
How does it work?
What type of drug is it?

A

Glaucoma.
Increases outflow of aqueous humor by contracting ciliary muscle.
Cholinomimetic.

26
Q

What is Timolol for?
How does it work?
What type of drug is it?

A

Glaucoma.
decreases aqueous humor secretion for open angle glaucoma.
Beta blocker.

27
Q

What type of Alpha-agonist is used to treat Glaucoma?

A

Epinephrine

28
Q

What is Lantanoprost used for?
How does it work?
What type of drug is it?

A

Glaucoma.
increases outflow of aqueous humor.
prostaglandin.

29
Q

What is acetazolamide used for?

How does it work?

A

Glaucoma.

Reduces aqueous humor secretion.

30
Q

What are the drugs for Glaucoma? LEPAT

A 
Lantanoprost.
Epinephrine.
Pilocarpine.
Acetazolamide.
Timolol.
31
Q

What do anticholinergics (amphetamines) do to glaucoma?

A

Make it worse.

32
Q

What is Bevacizumab used for?

What type of drug is it?

A

Age-related Macular degeneration.

Monoclonal Ab drug.

33
Q

What are the drugs for Meniere disease (ear disease)? DMD PH

A 
Diazepam
Meclizine
Dexamethasone
Promethazine
Hydrochlorothiazide.
34
Q

What is Diazepam used for?

A

Meniere disease of the ear

35
Q

What is Meclizine and Promethazine used for?What type of drug is it?
What symptoms does it relieve?

A

Meniere disease of the ear.
H1 blocker.
Motion sickness relief.

36
Q

What is Dexamethasone used for?

How is it administered and how does it relieve symptoms?

A

Meniere disease of the ear.

Injected into ear, it reduces fluid.

37
Q

What is hydrochlorothiazide used for?

How does it work?

A

Meniere disease of the ear.

Regulates fluid volume and pressure in ear.

38
Q

What ear problem does Ceclafor/Clavulanate or Amoxicillin/ help with?
What are the second level drugs to help with this disease?

A

Otitis media infections

Trimethoprim/Macrolides

39
Q

What’s are 2 new treatment strategy drugs for cancer?

How does it work?

A

Imatinib. Erlotinib
Imat: Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor.
Erlo: blocks epidermal growth factor

40
Q

What’s an alkylating agent drug for cancer?
How does it work?
What type of cancer does it treat?

A

Cyclophosphamide.
Transfers alkyl groups to various cell constituents such as DNA.
Brain cancer.

41
Q

What’s a Nitrosourea drug for Cancer?

Whats good about it?

A

Procarbazine

Crosses BBB

42
Q

What’s a platinum analog drug for cancer?

A

Cisplatin

43
Q

What’s an antimetabolite drug for cancer?

How does it work?

A

Methyltrexate.

Interferes with proliferating DNA.

44
Q

What are 2 natural product chemotherapy drugs?

How does it work?

A

Vinblastine or Vincristine.

Inhibits tubulin polymerization.

45
Q

What’s are 3 anti-tumor antibiotic drug for cancer?
What cancer do they treat?
MOA?

A

Anthracycline. doxorubicin/bleomycin
breast cancer
forms free radicals that bind DNA

46
Q

What is MOA of Fluorouracil as a cancer drug?

What does fluorocil treat?

A

Inhibits thymidine synthase and NDA synthase.

Colon cancer

47
Q

What drug treats Multiple myeloma?

A

Prednisone

48
Q

What are 3 types of H2 receptors blockers to use for GERD? one side effect.

What are the 3 OTC’s for GERD? What side effect for each one?

A

Cimetidine (headaches)
Famotidine
Ranitidine

Mg (diarrhea)
Bicarb (farts, acid rebound)
Calcium carbonate (constipation)

49
Q

What are 3 types of proton pump inhibitors for GERD?

Side effects?

A

Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
Esomeprazoleq
Side effects: Canker sores

50
Q

What to treat peptic ulcer disease with? 2 drugs…What is the second drug made of?

A

Milk of magnesia

Prevpac (lansoprazole, amoxicillin)

51
Q

What 2 drugs for constipation? How do they work?

A

Bisacodyl (smooth muscle stimulant)

Docusate (water retention in poop)

52
Q

What are 3 drugs for Diarrhea?

A

Loperamine (Imodium)
Atropine (Anti-cholinergics)
Bismuth

53
Q

What is the drug for Irritable Bowel syndrome, which symptom does it work for? MOA?

A

Linaclotide (constipation)

MOA: guanylate cyclase agonist

54
Q

What are 3 drugs for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?What types of drug are they?

A

Mesalamine (antiinflammatory)
Corticosteroids (antiinflammatory)
Metronidazole (antibiotic)

Human Disease and Therapeutics (5 decks)

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