MidTerm Flashcards
Aberrant parasite
Erratic parasite
Acaricides
Drugs that kill acarides (mites)
Annelids
Segmented parasites
Anthelmintics
Drugs that kill helminths
Antiprotozoals
Drugs that kill protozoans
Definitive host
Host that houses parasite in parasites mature, adult, sexual stage
Dioecious
Separate sexes
Endoparasitism
Parasite within the body
Euryxenous parasite
Parasite that affects multiple species
Facultative parasite
Parasite that can live without a host
Hirudineans
Leeches
Hydatid Cyst
Cyst containing eggs in their own spot/separated by others
Infection
Parasite within body causes this
Infestation
parasite outside body causes this
Intermediate host
Host that holds parasite during larval stage
Obligatory parasite
parasite needs a host
Operculated ovum
Shaped like stewies head; oval, has operculums
Prepatent period
Time where host is infected until time able to diagnose
Alimentary canal
GI tract
Proboscis
Spiny attachment organs of acanthocephalans
Rostellum
On scolex of cestodes
Occult blood
Blood in feces
Schistosome
Blood flukes
Scolex
Head of cestode
Hirudo medicinalis
Leech used for medicinal purposes
Name the five types of symbiotic relationships and give an example for each:
- Mutualism: Cow and bacteria in rumen
- Parasitism: Dog having heartworm
- Comensalism: Shark and cleaner fish
- Predator/Prey: Zebra being killed by lion
- Phoerisis: Cow and fly (carrying pink eye from cow to cow)
Explain difference between infection nd infestation
Infection: When host has an endoparasite
Infestation: When host has an ectoparasite
Explain difference between facultative and obligatory parasites
Facultative: Free living parasite, does not need a host to survive
Obligatory: Parasite needs host to survive
Explain difference between homoxenous and euryxenous parasites
Homoxenous: Parasite that can only affect one species
Euryxenous: Parasite that can effect multiple species
List the 7 Linnaean classification in order:
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
In what kingdom do most parasites of domestic animals belong?
Animalia
Flatworms belong in what phylum?
Platyhelminthes
Roundworms belong in what phylum?
Nematoda
Thorn0headed worms belong in what phylum?
Acanthocephala
Spiders and mites belong in what phylum?
Arthropoda
Kingdom, phylum, class for tapeworms
Animalia, Platyhelminthes, cestoda
Since tapeworm infections are treated similarly, why is it important to identify which type of tapeworm infection an aimal has?
So we know how the animal got the parasite and how to stop it from happening again
Trichuris vulpis
Canine whipworm
Intermediate host for Dipylidium caninum
Flea
Life cycle of D. immitis
L1, (molts), L2, (molts), ingested by host, L3, parasite produces eggs
The most powerful anticoagulant ____ known is secreted into the bite wound of ______ to keep the host bleeding as the animal feeds
Hirudin, leeches
What is the benefit of medicinalleeches?
For them to secrete hirudin, also to allow and aid the blood to circulate the body to new body parts
T/F
Veterinarians and techs are responsible for many aspects of human health and disease prevention
True
T/F
A parasite can cause parasitiasis in some animals with a low parasite burden or number
True
T/F
A parasite may cause parasitosis with a high parasite burden
True
T/F
All parasites can have obligatory stage in their development where they need a host and some life stages can be nonparaistic
False
T/F
With some parasites, only the female adult is paraisitic while free living males and femals are nonparasitic
True
T/F
Novice veterinary technician students always mistake air bubbles on a fecal flotation slide for a parasite egg
False
T/F
Some parasites can serve as intermediate hosts for other parasites as well as being parasites themselves
True
T/F
Most parasites of domestic animals belong in the kingdom protista
False
T/F
Monogenetic flukes are commonly seen in veterinary practice
False
T/F
Pseudotapeworms use microscopic aquatic crustaceans and the musculature of fish and reptiles as intermediate hosts for part of their life cycle
True
T/F
Annelids are the largest group of helminthes that parasitize domesticated animals
False
T/F
The spiny proboscis on Acanthocephalans is used as an organ of motion or movement
False; attachment
T/F
Most of the ectoparasites seen in the veterinary profession belong to the phylum insecta
False
T/F
Nematodes are the most numerous and diverse group of animals on Earth
True
T/F
Nematodes have a pseudocoelom
True
T/F
Whipworms produce fewer eggs than nematodes
True
T/F
Whipworms only release eggs every third day
True
T/F
In dog feces, you will commonly find the larvae, rather than ova, of Strongyloides species
True
T/F
Ideally, centrifugal flotation should be used to better float whipworm ova
True
T/F
Feline heartworm disease produces the same hallmark signs observed in canine heartworm disease
False
T/F
Acanthocheilonema reconditum is transmitted to the dog by ingestion of the cat flea, Ctenochalides felis
True
T/F
The suckers on Cestodes are associated with food intake
False
T/F
The life cycle of the pseudotape worm is more simplistic than that of the true tapeworm or Eucestode
False
T/F
Taenid eggs cannot be found on standard fecal flotation
False
T/F
Digenetic trematodes do not possess an anus
True
T/F
Fasciola hepatica is the most studied fluke affecting domestic livestock
True
T/F
The eggs of the lung fluke can be found on fecal sedimentation of feces or sputum
True
T/F
Only two species of acanthocephalans are important to veterinary medicine
True
T/F
Leeches have segmented bodies with no hard exoskeleton
True
T/F
Medicinal leeches can consume blood up to five times their own weight
True
T/F
Medicinal leeches are most often though of in conjunction with bloodletting throughout history
True
T/F
Land leeches are found on the surface of trees and grasses
True
