Midterm 2024 Flashcards
The ______________________________ nerves activate the fight-or- flight response.
sympathetic division
The ________________________________ is sometimes called the “resting and digesting” system.
parasympathetic division
What structure makes up the largest portion of the brain?
cerebrum
What structure divides the brain into left and right hemispheres?
longitudinal fissure
What diffuses across a synapse?
neurotransmitters
The tiny electrical charge that transmits information between neurons is referred to as:
a nerve impulse
The brain and spinal cord are part of the:
central nervous system
The somatic nervous system controls:
skeletal muscles
Nerve cells are called:
neurons
Which of the following accurately describes skeletal muscle?
striated, voluntary, multinucleate
Which of the following accurately describes smooth muscle?
no striations, involuntary, uninucleate
Which of the following accurately describes cardiac muscle?
striated, involuntary, uninucleate
The clavicles are commonly referred to as the:
collar bone
Approximately how many bones make up the human skeleton?
206
What is the longest and strongest bone in the body?
femur
The patella is also known as the:
knee cap
The tibia is also known as the:
shin
The scapula is also known as the:
shoulder blade
What directional term means “in front of”?
anterior
Which directional terms means “farther away from point of origin or attachment?”
distal
Which directional terms means “closer to the point of origin or attachment?”
proximal
Which anatomy terms mean “away from the head,” or “lower?”
inferior/caudal
Which anatomy term means “away from the midline?”
lateral
Which anatomy terms mean “in back of,” or “behind?”
posterior/dorsal
The study of tissues is known as:
histology
“Anatomy” is the study of the ____________ of the human body.
structure
Physiology is the study of the __________ of the human body.
function
Which of the following descriptions matches the anatomical position?
normal standing position, with feet slightly apart, face and shoulders facing forwards, palms forward
Where is the cerebellum located and what is its function?
Posterior and inferior to the the cerebrum- controls posture, balance, & fine motor movement
What are the grooves in the brain’s surface called?
sulci
What type of muscle lines the walls of internal organs?
Smooth
The fixed end of a muscle is called its
origin
What is protected by the thoracic cage?
heart and lungs
What is the medical term for our fingers and toes?
phalanges
What is the medical name for the long bones in our hands?
Metacarpals
Frontal plane
divides the body into front and back
Sagittal plane
divides the body into right and left
Transverse plane
divides the body into top and bottom
simple cuboidal
a type of epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of cube-shaped cells, meaning the cells are roughly equal in width, height, and depth; it’s often found lining structures like kidney tubules and the ducts of exocrine glands where secretion and absorption are primary functions
simple columnar
a single layer of tall, thin cells that line many organs in the human body, including the digestive tract, uterus, and renal pelvi
Frontal Lobe
voluntary movements, reasoning and decision making, memory, risk taking, verbal communication
Parietal Lobe
Sensations (pain, temp, pressure), body position
Occipital Lobe
vision and memory of objects
Temporal Lobe
memory, sensation of smell and sound, emotions
