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Physical Education > Midterm 2014 > Flashcards

Midterm 2014 Flashcards

0
Q

Nutrients that help build, maintain, and repair body tissues

A

Protein

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1
Q

Substances that supply a concentrated form of energy and help transport other nutrients to locations in the body where they are needed

A

Fat

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2
Q

The starches and sugars found in food

A

Carbohydrate

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3
Q

Substances in food that the body needs for energy, proper growth, body maintenance and functioning

A

Nutrient

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4
Q

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram (about a quart) of water 1 degree Celsius

A

Calorie

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5
Q

Stored in the lifer and muscles like a starchlike substance

A

Glucose

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6
Q

A special subclass of complex carbohydrates that has several functions, including aiding the body in digestion

A

Fiber (dietary)

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7
Q

Contain all nine essential amino acids

A

Complete proteins

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8
Q

Lacks one or more essential amino acids

A

Incomplete proteins

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9
Q

The building blocks of proteins

A

Amino acids

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10
Q

An iron-rich compound in the blood that helps carry oxygen from lungs to cell and tissues

A

Hemoglobin

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11
Q

Name the 3 Blood Vessels

A

Artery, Vein, and Capillary

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12
Q

Blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the major extremities of the body

A

Artery

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13
Q

Blood vessels that reliever the blood back to the heart

A

Vein

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14
Q

Small blood vessels that reliever oxygen and other nutrients to individual cells

A

Capillary

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15
Q

The process where your lungs exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Respiration

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16
Q

A muscle found between the chest cavity and abdomen

A

Diaphragm

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17
Q

The ability of the body to work continuously for extended periods of time

A

Cardiorespiratory Endurance or Cardiovascular Fitness

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18
Q

The last full meal consumed prior to a practice session or the competitive event itself

A

Pre-event meal

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19
Q

This should occur two hours after competition, this phase consists of a full meal, rich in carbohydrates

A

Post event restoration meal

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20
Q

A chemical agent that aids the body in its production of testosterone

A

Androstenedione

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21
Q

A compound that increases the rate at which the body converts carriers into energy

A

Ephedrine

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22
Q

A supplement that increases muscles size while enchanting the body’s ability to use protein

A

Creatine

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23
Q

Chemicals similar in structure to the male hormone testosterone

A

Anabolic steroids

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24
Q

The largest amount of oxygen the body is able to process during strenuous aerobic exercise

A

Maximal Oxygen Consumption (VO2)

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25
Q

Muscle fibers that contracts at a slow rate, allowing for greater muscle endurance

A

Slow-twitch fiber

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26
Q

Muscle fibers that contracts rapidly, thus allowing for greater muscle strength

A

Fast-twitch muscle fiber

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27
Q

Is a bike that stays in place

A

Stationary bike

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28
Q

Are machines that simulate the action of walking up a flight of stairs

A

Stair stepper

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29
Q

An exercise machine that stimulates the natural motions of running but without place stress on the joints

A

Elliptical (motion trainer)

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30
Q

Stretching of a muscle

A

Eccentric

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31
Q

The muscle should slowly and smoothly release its contraction and become stronger

A

Eccentric contraction

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32
Q

The shortening of a muscle

A

Concentric

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33
Q

The muscle shortens and exerts force in a direction opposite the pull of gravity

A

Concentric contraction

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34
Q

A term applied collectively to Dumbbells, barbells, plates, and clips

A

Free weight

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35
Q

A partner who can assist with the safe handling of weights and offer encouragement during a session

A

Spotter

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36
Q

Physical activity that is planned, structured, and that results in improvements in fitness

A

Exercise

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37
Q

A rule of exercise that states in order to improve the level of fitness, one must increase the amount of regular activity or exercise he or she normally does

A

Overload principe

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38
Q

A rule of exercise that states overloading a particular component will lead to fitness improvements in that component alone

A

Specificity principle

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39
Q

A rule of exercise that states as fitness levels increase, so do the factors in FITT

A

Progression principle

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40
Q

A branch of medicine that deals with bone and joint injuries and disorders

A

Orthopedics

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41
Q

Physician trained specifically to treat disorders of the feet

A

Podiatrist

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42
Q

Muscles attached to bones that cause body movement

A

Skeletal muscle

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43
Q

A bone disease that causes decreased bone mass and density, especially in older women

A

Osteoporosis

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44
Q

A combination of physical, mental, emotional and social well being

A

Health

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45
Q

The ratio of body fat to lean body tissue, including muscle, bone, water and connective tissue

A

Body composition

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46
Q

The maximum amount of force a muscle or muscle group can exert against an opposing force

A

Muscular strength

47
Q

The ability of the muscle or muscle troop to contract for an extended period of time without undue fatigue

A

Muscular endurance

48
Q

A joints ability to move through its full range of motion

A

Flexibility

49
Q

The ability to change and control the direction and position of the body while maintaining a constant, rapid, motion

A

Agility

50
Q

The ability to control or stabilize the body whole standing or moving

A

Balance

51
Q

The ability to use the sense to determine and direct the movement of your limbs and head

A

Coordination

52
Q

The ability to move the body or body parts swiftly

A

Speed

53
Q

The ability to move the body parts swiftly while simultaneously applying maximum force of the muscle

A

Power

54
Q

The ability to react or respond quickly to what your hear, see, or feel

A

Reaction time

55
Q

About 30 minutes per day. Walking, climbing stairs, gardening, walking a dog, housecleaning

A

Moderate-intensity physical activities

56
Q

3-5 days per week. Cycling, brisk walking, running, dancing p, in-line staking, playing basketball, cross-country skiing

A

Aerobic activity

57
Q

2 or more day per week. Side lunge, side stretch, hurdler stretch, calf stretch, butterfly stretch

A

Flexibility activities

58
Q

2-3 days per week. Biceps, curls, push-ups, abdominal crunches, bench press, leg raises

A

Anaerobic activity

59
Q

Do infrequently. Watching tv, talking on the phone, playing computer games, surfing the Internet

A

Sedentary activities

60
Q

Dietary; reference; intake

A

DRI

61
Q

In hot weather, the recommendation for fluid intake is

A

3 liters of water per hour

62
Q

Dangers of exercising in hot weather

A

Heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heatstroke

63
Q

Muscles spasms resulting from the lose of large amounts of salt and water symptoms of shock

A

Heat cramps

64
Q

An overheating of the body resulting in cold, clammy skin and symptoms of shock

A

Heat exhaustion

65
Q

A condition in which the body can no longer rid itself of excessive heat through perspiration

A

Heat stroke

66
Q

Dangers of exercising in cold weather

A

Hypothermia and frostbite

67
Q

A condition in which the body temperature drops below normal

A

Hypothermia

68
Q

Damage to body tissue that results from freezing

A

Frostbite

69
Q

The maximum Heart rate formula

A

Subtract your age from 220

70
Q

Formulae for heart range

A

Subtract your age to 220 and multiply by .6 and .9

71
Q

Between 45-65% of the calories consumed daily should come from

A

Carbohydrates

72
Q

Between 10-35% of the calories consumed daily should come from

A

Protein

73
Q

Between 20-30% of the calories consumed daily should come from

A

Fats

74
Q

A type of compound that picks up excess cholesterol and return it to the liver

A

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

75
Q

A type of compound that carries cholesterol from the liver to areas of the body where it is needed

A

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

76
Q

____im for fitness

A

A

77
Q

____uild a healthy base

A

B

78
Q

____hoose sensibly

A

C

79
Q

The amount of calories expended for body processes while at rest

A

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

80
Q

Name 2 excessive weight disabilities

A

Breathing difficulties and bone and joint problems

81
Q

Move at between 4 and 5 miles per hour

A

Jogger

82
Q

Move at speed of 5-7 miles per hour or faster

A

Runner

83
Q

The maximum force an individual is able to exert regardless of size, age, or weight

A

Absolute muscular strength

84
Q

The maximum force an individual is able to exert In relation to his or her body weight

A

Relative muscular strength

85
Q

Which is more important? Absolute or Relative?

A

Relative

86
Q

The automatic response that the nerves and muscle provide to various movements

A

Reflex

87
Q

Have been linked to a number of sports- and health related injuries, including sprains, strains, excess pressure on discs of the back, and over stress of ligaments and muscles

A

Hazardous stretches

88
Q

Bar stretch

A

Modified bar stretch

89
Q

Deep knee bend

A

Forward lunge

90
Q

Hurdler stretch

A

Reverse hurdler stretch

91
Q

Stretch neck roll

A

Bent-knee neck stretch

92
Q

Prone arch

A

Modified back hyperexrension

93
Q

Toe touch

A

Sit and reach

94
Q

Yoga plow

A

Single leg sit and reach

95
Q

Quadriceps stretch

A

Modified quadriceps stretch

96
Q

A basic assessment of a person’s overall health and personal fitness

A

Medical screening

97
Q

Professionals who have specialize in providing nutritional advice and helping people control their weight; they have to undergo four years of training and register with the American dietetic association before they can practice as a registered dietitian

A

Registered dietitians (R.D)

98
Q

Someone may call him-or herself this, but they may not have the proper training. When choosing a dietitian, make sure he or she has the initials “RD” after his or her name, this assures they have the appropriate qualifications

A

Nutritionist

99
Q

Vitamins A, D, E, K

A

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

100
Q

Vitamins C, B, B6, B12

A

Water-Soluble Vitamins

101
Q

Are vitamins, minerals, and water

A

Micronutrients

102
Q

Health promoting substances found in plant food

A

Phytonutrient

103
Q

Body Circumference Formula for Males

A

Weight/waist

104
Q

Body Circumference Formula for Females

A

Hip/height

105
Q

A way to access body size in relation to height and weight

A

Body Mass Index (BMI)

106
Q

What is considered underweight?

A

Males: exceeds 25%
Females: exceeds 32%

107
Q

What is considered a healthy range?

A

Males: 7-19%
Females: 12-24%

108
Q

A special type of strained tissue that forms the walls of the heart

A

Cardiac Muscle

109
Q

Muscles responsible for the movements of the internal organs

A

Smooth Muscle

110
Q

Muscles attached to hormones that cause body movement

A

Skeletal Muscles

111
Q

A measure of a lifters absolute maximum strength for any given exercise

A

One-rep maximum (1RM)

112
Q

It’s an eight excessive in the program that works the whole body

A

Basic 8

113
Q

Specially trained to understand the body’s physical reactions to exercise

A

Exercise physiologist

114
Q

They are certified to teach. He or she is a valuable resource when you are seeing personal fitness

A

Physical education

Physical Education (7 decks)

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