Midterm 2 questions

Question 1

1. Morphological variability as the result of organism growth from the juvenile to gerontic stages is known as _______________.

Answer 1

onotogentic variability

Question 2

Sexual dimorphism is a case of _______.

Answer 2

genetic variability

Question 3

Kind of morphological variability induced primarily by ecological factors.

Answer 3

nongenetic variability

Question 4

. This specimen is designated as the species name-bearer by the scientist that discovered and named a species.

Answer 4

holotype

Question 5

________ is the stratigraphical level from which the holotype was collected.

Answer 5

type level

Question 6

6. The most significant evolutionary achievement in the evolution from prokaryotes to eukaryotes is the ____________.

Answer 6

evolution of sexual reproduction

Question 7

7. Classification system in which the species are not considered objective natural entities but creations of the human mind.

Answer 7

nominalism

Question 8

8. The existence of oceans in the early history of the Earth (~ 4.4 billion years ago) is demonstrated with the aid of this mineral.

Answer 8

zircon

Question 9

9. Proteins are the final products of the polymerization of the ___________.

Answer 9

amino acids

Question 10

10. The polymer cellulose is formed through the repetition of this organic monomer.

Answer 10

glucose

Question 11

11. The oldest clustered fossilized organisms are recorded in this lithostratigraphic unit from Australia.

Answer 11

strelley pool chert

Question 12

12. Living stromatolites were first discovered in __________.

Answer 12

eastern indian ocean

Question 13

13. Precambrian stromatolites had a patchy distribution in the ___________.

Answer 13

Mesoarchean

Question 14

14. Photosynthetic bacteria and cyanobacteria dominate in this layer of a stromatolite.

Answer 14

growth surface

Question 15

15. Stromatolites achieved global distribution in the __________ times.

Answer 15

Neoarchean times

Question 16

16. Fossilized eukaryotic cells were documented for the first time in this lithostratigraphic unit.

Answer 16

bitter springs formation

Question 17

17. _________ demonstrates the evolution of algal multicellularity.

Answer 17

bangiomorpha

Question 18

18. The earliest known organism with animal-like metabolism belongs to the __________ group.

Answer 18

testatic ameobae

Question 19

19. Vestiges of the catastrophic meteorite bombardment from the early history of the Solar System occur _____________.

Answer 19

at the surface of the moon

Question 20

20. _____________ was the first scientific name given to stromatolites.

Answer 20

cryptozoon

Question 21

21. ____________ is the oldest multicellular organism on Earth.

Answer 21

bangiomorpha

Question 22

22. The age of the oldest multicellular animals on Earth is _____________.

Answer 22

Cryogenian

Question 23

23. Doushantuo Formation of China yielded the oldest known_____________.

Answer 23

fossilized animal embryos

Question 24

24. Ediacaran occurs in the uppermost portion of the _____________ eon.

Answer 24

Proterozoic

Question 25

25. Ediacaran organism considered the oldest known mollusc.

Answer 25

kimberella

Question 26

26. The age of the Gunflint Formation of Canada (southern Ontario), where prokaryote diversification was documented for the first time, is _______________.

Answer 26

Paleoproterozoic

Question 27

27. The abundance reduction of the stromatolites, which is reflected in the return from global to patchy distribution pattern, happened in the _____________ times.

Answer 27

Cambrian

Question 28

28. In the case of Spriggina the process of cephalization is demonstrated by the occurrence of _____________.

Answer 28

cephalic shield

Question 29

29. Chuaria is interpreted as a ___________.

Answer 29

planktic green alga

Question 30

30. Earth’s general appearance during the “snowball Earth” period was probably similar with that of ________.

Answer 30

Europa