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Geology > Midterm 1 and two questions. > Flashcards

Midterm 1 and two questions. Flashcards

1
Q

A bone fragment, which was collected from a layer with an age of 55 million years, is considered _______.

A

Fossil

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2
Q
  1. Fossils that preserve the traces of feeding of a certain organism are considered _______________.
A

trace fossil

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3
Q
  1. ______________ is the most frequent kind of fossils.
A

body fossil

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4
Q
  1. The fossil trilobite in the image below (1) shows the _____________.
A

hard body part

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5
Q
  1. Oldest pre-scientific fossils are known from______________.
A

Egypt

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6
Q
  1. ______________ is the first scholar who reported fossils and correctly interpreted them as vestiges of ancient life forms.
A

Xenophanes of Colophon

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7
Q
  1. First fossils were figured in 1551 by ______________.
A

Chrisotpherous Enclelius

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8
Q
  1. Fossil spore and pollen debris represent a topic of study in ______________.
A

palynology

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9
Q
  1. Fossil distribution in space and time is studied in this paleontology-related science.
A

biostratigraphy

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10
Q
  1. This process is not part of the clastic rock formation cycle.
A

metamorphism

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11
Q
  1. Most of the fossils in metamorphic rocks occur in __________.
A

slates

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12
Q
  1. Fossils never occur in ___________.
A

igneous rocks

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13
Q
  1. A fossilized bivalve consisting of pyrite was formed through ____________.
A

replacement

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14
Q
  1. Fossils preserved through carbonization consist of a thin film of this mineral.
A

graphite

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15
Q
  1. Dehydration is also known as _______.
A

mummification

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16
Q
  1. The external features of a shell in the case of moldic fossilization are preserved on the __________.
A

cast

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17
Q
  1. ______________ is the most frequent kind of preservation in the case of plants.
A

carbonization

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18
Q
  1. Which kind of fossilization results in the formation of an empty space in the rock mass due to the fossil dissolution?
A

moldic fossilization

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19
Q
  1. Mineral which is frequently transformed into calcite during the recrystallization.
A

aragonite

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20
Q
  1. Kind of fossilization that does not preserve the organism tri-dimensional structure.
A

recrystallization

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21
Q
  1. Principle of layer formation that postulates that at the time of formation of one layer only fluid was above it (HINT: principle given by Nicolaus Steno).
A

principle of successive layer formation

22
Q
  1. ________________ is the youngest eon in the Earth history.
A

phanerozoic

23
Q
  1. The youngest period of the Mesozoic Era is _______.
A

cretaceous

24
Q
  1. The oldest fossils on Earth are known from the rocks assigned to this eon.
A

Archean

25
Q
  1. The most severe crisis in the history of life corresponds to the boundary between these periods (in stratigraphical order).
A

Permian/Triassic

26
Q
  1. The oldest rocks on Earth are included in this eon.
A

archaen

27
Q
  1. ____________ is the oldest period of the Paleozoic.
A

Cambrian

28
Q
  1. _______________ is the middle period of the Cenozoic.
A

Neogene

29
Q
  1. ________ is the fundamental level of organization of the living world in the Linnean classification.
A

species

30
Q
  1. ___________ is the species name in Pleuropora fructicosa metameris.
A

fructicosa

31
Q
  1. Taxonomic level situated between those of order and infraorder.
A

suborder

32
Q
  1. The most primitive organisms are included in kingdom _____________.
A

bacteria

33
Q
  1. Single-celled eukaryotes are included in this kingdom.
A

protista

34
Q
  1. The highest rate of evolutionary changes is recorded amongst the representatives of this kingdom.
A

animalia

35
Q
  1. Stromatolites consist of the representatives of the kingdom(s) ____________.
A

bacteria

36
Q
  1. ___________ present the most complex morphology amongst algae (plant-like protistans
A

charophytes

37
Q
  1. ____________ represent a group of land plants transitional between ferns and gymnosperms.
A

seed ferns

38
Q
  1. The protective structure in foraminifers is known as ___________.
A

test

39
Q
  1. Most of the foraminiferal species have a ___________ habitat.
A

marine

40
Q
  1. Radiolarian habitat is best described as __________ and ___________.
A

marine; planktic

41
Q
  1. Radiolarian skeleton consists mostly of __________.
A

organic silicia

42
Q

are the simplest representatives of the kingdom animalia that occur in the fossil record

A

sponges

43
Q

group of cephalopd mollusks, ancestors of the modern squid

A

belemnites

44
Q
  1. Organic substance frequently associated with the siliceous spicules.
A

spongin

45
Q
  1. Modern corals are included in this group.
A

hexacorals

46
Q

–

A

–

47
Q
  1. Molluscs that have the shell consisting of one uncoiled piece.
A

scaphopods

48
Q
  1. The earliest representatives of the echinoderm group had this kind of symmetry.
A

they were asymmetrical

49
Q
  1. ___________ are the dominant echinoderms in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.
A

sea urchins

50
Q
  1. Graptolite colony is referred to as _______.
A

rhabdosome

51
Q
  1. ___________ are the most primitive land vertebrates.
A

amphibians

Geology (5 decks)

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