Midterm 1 and two questions. Flashcards
A bone fragment, which was collected from a layer with an age of 55 million years, is considered _______.
Fossil
- Fossils that preserve the traces of feeding of a certain organism are considered _______________.
trace fossil
- ______________ is the most frequent kind of fossils.
body fossil
- The fossil trilobite in the image below (1) shows the _____________.
hard body part
- Oldest pre-scientific fossils are known from______________.
Egypt
- ______________ is the first scholar who reported fossils and correctly interpreted them as vestiges of ancient life forms.
Xenophanes of Colophon
- First fossils were figured in 1551 by ______________.
Chrisotpherous Enclelius
- Fossil spore and pollen debris represent a topic of study in ______________.
palynology
- Fossil distribution in space and time is studied in this paleontology-related science.
biostratigraphy
- This process is not part of the clastic rock formation cycle.
metamorphism
- Most of the fossils in metamorphic rocks occur in __________.
slates
- Fossils never occur in ___________.
igneous rocks
- A fossilized bivalve consisting of pyrite was formed through ____________.
replacement
- Fossils preserved through carbonization consist of a thin film of this mineral.
graphite
- Dehydration is also known as _______.
mummification
- The external features of a shell in the case of moldic fossilization are preserved on the __________.
cast
- ______________ is the most frequent kind of preservation in the case of plants.
carbonization
- Which kind of fossilization results in the formation of an empty space in the rock mass due to the fossil dissolution?
moldic fossilization
- Mineral which is frequently transformed into calcite during the recrystallization.
aragonite
- Kind of fossilization that does not preserve the organism tri-dimensional structure.
recrystallization
- Principle of layer formation that postulates that at the time of formation of one layer only fluid was above it (HINT: principle given by Nicolaus Steno).
principle of successive layer formation
- ________________ is the youngest eon in the Earth history.
phanerozoic
- The youngest period of the Mesozoic Era is _______.
cretaceous
- The oldest fossils on Earth are known from the rocks assigned to this eon.
Archean
- The most severe crisis in the history of life corresponds to the boundary between these periods (in stratigraphical order).
Permian/Triassic
- The oldest rocks on Earth are included in this eon.
archaen
- ____________ is the oldest period of the Paleozoic.
Cambrian
- _______________ is the middle period of the Cenozoic.
Neogene
- ________ is the fundamental level of organization of the living world in the Linnean classification.
species
- ___________ is the species name in Pleuropora fructicosa metameris.
fructicosa
- Taxonomic level situated between those of order and infraorder.
suborder
- The most primitive organisms are included in kingdom _____________.
bacteria
- Single-celled eukaryotes are included in this kingdom.
protista
- The highest rate of evolutionary changes is recorded amongst the representatives of this kingdom.
animalia
- Stromatolites consist of the representatives of the kingdom(s) ____________.
bacteria
- ___________ present the most complex morphology amongst algae (plant-like protistans
charophytes
- ____________ represent a group of land plants transitional between ferns and gymnosperms.
seed ferns
- The protective structure in foraminifers is known as ___________.
test
- Most of the foraminiferal species have a ___________ habitat.
marine
- Radiolarian habitat is best described as __________ and ___________.
marine; planktic
- Radiolarian skeleton consists mostly of __________.
organic silicia
are the simplest representatives of the kingdom animalia that occur in the fossil record
sponges
group of cephalopd mollusks, ancestors of the modern squid
belemnites
- Organic substance frequently associated with the siliceous spicules.
spongin
- Modern corals are included in this group.
hexacorals
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- Molluscs that have the shell consisting of one uncoiled piece.
scaphopods
- The earliest representatives of the echinoderm group had this kind of symmetry.
they were asymmetrical
- ___________ are the dominant echinoderms in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.
sea urchins
- Graptolite colony is referred to as _______.
rhabdosome
- ___________ are the most primitive land vertebrates.
amphibians