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ORTHO TX I > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

patient seated with humerus internally rotated to 20 degrees or in a “hands on lap” position is best to locate…

A

biceps brachii tendon

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2
Q

patient seated with arm held behind the back and elbow in flexion is best to locate…

A

supraspinatus tendon

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3
Q

client seated or prone with humerus flexed to 90 degrees, adducted 10 degrees and externally rotated 20 degrees

A

infraspinatus & teres minor

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4
Q

client is seated with the humerus at their side and the elbow flexed to 90 degrees - tendon is palpated inferior to the clavicle, lateral to the coracoid process

A

subscapularis

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5
Q

client is seated with the elbow in slight flexion - tendon is located distal to the lateral epicondyle

A

common extensor tendon

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6
Q

client is seated with the elbow in flexion and the wrist supinated - tendon is located distal to the medial epicondyle

A

common flexor tendon

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7
Q

sheaths of these two muscles is palpated at the radial side of the wrist

A

abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis tendons

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8
Q

palpated just inferior to the lateral femoral condyle, directly posterior to the lateral collateral ligament and biceps femoris tendon

A

popliteus tendon

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9
Q

foot is placed in plantarflexion - tendon in its sheath is palpated just posterior and inferior to the medial malleolus

A

tibialis posterior tendon

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10
Q

which ligament near the shoulder forms a roof over the bicipital groove?

A

transverse humeral ligament

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11
Q

which ligament at the shoulder forms an arch over the humeral head, acting as a block to superior translation?

A

coracoacromial ligament

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12
Q

which ligament limits inferior translation in adduction and restrains anterior translation and lateral rotation up to 45º abduction

A

superior glenohumeral ligament

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13
Q

which ligament is the most important of the three ligaments, has an anterior and posterior band with a thin “axillary pouch” in between so it acts like a hammock

A

inferior glenohumeral ligament

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14
Q

which ligament at the elbow encircles the head of the radius and keeps it in contact with the ulna?

A

annular ligament

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15
Q

which ligament at the elbow is the primary restraint to posterolateral instability?

A

lateral (radial) collateral ligament

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16
Q

which ligament at the elbow provides the primary restraint to valgus instability?

A

medial collateral ligament

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17
Q

Triangular Fibro-Cartilaginous Complex

A

-sits between ulna, lunate & triquetrum
-injured when wrist is forced into ulnar deviation
-helps to stabilize distal radioulnar joint & adds stability to ulnocarpal articulations

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18
Q

power grips

A

-require firm control
-ulnar side works with radial side to give stronger stability
-used when strength or force is primary consideration

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19
Q

precision grips

A

-involves primary the radial side of hand
-intrinsic hand muscles are more important
-used when accuracy & precision are required
-form “dynamic tripod”

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20
Q

types of power grips

A

hook grasp
cylinder grasp
spherical grasp
fist grasp

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21
Q

types of pinch grips

A

lateral key
three-point chuck
tip pinch

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22
Q

which bursa at the shoulder is most involved with impingement syndrome?

A

subacromial

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23
Q

primary support of the AC joint

A

CC ligament

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24
Q

classic winging of the scapula when the whole medial border of the scapula lifts away from the chest wall

A

type II

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25
Q

inferior medial border of the scapula is prominent is seen in which type of scapular dyskinesia?

A

type I

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26
Q

superior border of the scapula is elevated at rest and during movement is seen in which type of scapular dyskinesia?

A

type III

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27
Q

both scapulae are symmetrical at rest and during motion, rotate symmetrically upward with the inferior angles rotating laterally away from midline (rotary winging)

A

type IV

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28
Q

developmental condition leading to a high or undescended scapula

A

Sprengel’s deformity

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29
Q

the GH joint has ___ degrees of freedom and the closed packed position is ___ & ___?

A

3: abduction & external rotation

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30
Q

the elbow joint has ___ degrees of freedom and the closed packed position is ___ ?

A

2: extension

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31
Q

what is the normal carrying angle of the elbow in females?

A

10-15º

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32
Q

what is the normal carrying angle of the elbow in males?

A

5-10º

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33
Q

if the carrying angle is more than 15º it is called…

A

cubitus valgus

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34
Q

which 2 carpal bones articulate with the distal aspect of the radius?

A

lunate & scaphoid

35
Q

list the 3 stages of adhesive capsulitis in order

A

painful, stiffening, resolution

freezing, frozen, thawing

36
Q

acute adhesive capsulitis

A

diffuse pain, inflammation

37
Q

subacute adhesive capsulitis

A

severe pain starts to diminish, stiffness becomes primary complaint

38
Q

chronic stage adhesive capsulitis

A

pain localized to lateral arm & continues to diminish, motion & function gradually return

39
Q

T/F - the scapulothoracic rhythm should be a 2:1 ratio of movement of the humerus to the scapula

A

TRUE

40
Q

muscles innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve

A

brachialis
biceps brachii
coracobrachialis

41
Q

which muscle is not innervated by the radial nerve?
-triceps brachii
-anconeus
-brachioradialis
-pronator teres

A

pronator teres (median nerve)

42
Q

which two nerves innervate the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

median & ulnar

43
Q

the 1st and 2nd lumbricals are innervated by which nerve?

A

median nerve

44
Q

during a FOOSH injury, which carpal bone is most likely to fracture?

A

scaphoid

45
Q

during a FOOSH injury, which carpal bone is most likely to dislocate?

A

lunate

46
Q

the hook of the hamate and the pisiform create which tunnel?

A

tunnel of Guyon

*ulnar nerve

47
Q

the hook of the hamate, the pisiform, scaphoid tubercle and trapezium create which tunnel?

A

carpal tunnel

*median nerve

48
Q

T/F - the tendon of the flexor pollicis brevis travels through the carpal tunnel?

A

FALSE

median nerve
-4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
-4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
-flexor pollicis longus

49
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome can also be mistaken for…

A

pronator teres syndrome

(compression of median nerve)

50
Q

-palmar fascia becomes thickened & nodular
-most frequently affects 4th & 5th digit
-causes flexion deformity of fingers

A

dupuytren’s contracture

51
Q

fracture of the distal radius proximal to the radiocarpal joint with dorsal displacement is called…

A

Colle’s

52
Q

fracture of the wrist involving a break of the radial shaft and a dislocation of the inferior radioulnar joint

A

Galeazzi

53
Q

fracture of the distal fibula and/or tibia, affects one or both malleoli

A

Pott’s

54
Q

fibula fractures higher up, medial malleolus avulses & talus is pushed superiorly between tibia & fibula

A

Dupuytren’s

55
Q

minor stretch and tear with no instability describes which grade of ligament sprain?

A

grade 1

56
Q

complete rupture of ligament, patient unable to continue with activity describes which grade of sprain?

A

grade 3

57
Q

tearing of fibres, snapping sound, patient has difficulty continuing with activity describes which grade of sprain?

A

grade 2

58
Q

a glenoid labrum tear with involvement of the long head of Biceps brachii is called…

A

SLAP lesion

59
Q

injury to the anteroinferior aspect of the glenoid labral complex is called…

A

Bankart lesion

60
Q

which deformity presents with extension of the MCP and DIP joint and flexion of the PIP joint?

A

Boutonniere deformity

61
Q

which deformity presents with flexion of the DIP joint?

A

Mallet finger

62
Q

which deformity presents with extension of the MCP and flexion of the IP joints with wasting of the hypothenar muscles?

A

Bishop’s hand

63
Q

which deformity involves wasting of the thenar eminence of the hand?

A

Ape hand

64
Q

which tendons form the anatomical snuff box?

A

extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus

(structures affected in Dequervain’s tenosynovitis)

65
Q

T/F - Abductor pollicis longus and Extensor pollicis brevis are the structures affected with DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis

A

TRUE

66
Q

how do you isolate testing Extensor carpi radialis brevis from Extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

elbow flexion

67
Q

which special test is performed to determine a decrease in blood flow to the hand?

A

Allen’s

68
Q

which special test is performed when your patient makes a fist with their thumb inside their fingers?

A

Finkelstein’s

69
Q

special test used to test for lunate dislocation

A

Murphy’s sign

(patient makes fist to asses metacarpal heads)

70
Q

special test used to test for instability of the distal radioulnar joint

A

piano keys test

71
Q

special test used to test for ruptured FDP tendon

A

sweater finger sign

(make fist, distal phalanx of one finger does not flex)

72
Q

which special test is performed to assess for biceps tendinitis?

A

Speed’s

73
Q

which special test is performed to assess for inferior and multidirectional instability of the shoulder?

A

Feagin

74
Q

which special test is performed to assess for a Supraspinatus tendon or muscle tear?

A

empty can

75
Q

which special test is performed to assess for fraying of a rotator cuff muscle?

A

abrasion

76
Q

which special test is performed to assess for a Subscapularis muscle lesion?

A

lift off

77
Q

which special test is performed to assess for compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel?

A

Phalen’s

78
Q

which special test is performed to assess for an overuse injury to the Supraspinatus muscle?

A

Hawkin’s Kennedy

79
Q

which special test is performed to assess for an overuse injury to the Common Extensor Tendon?

A

Cozen’s

80
Q

which special test is performed to asses anterior instability at the shoulder?

A

rockwood

81
Q

which special test is performed to assess posterior instability at the shoulder?

A

push-pull

82
Q

3 special tests used for lateral epicondylitis

A

Cozens, Mills, Maudsleys

83
Q

special test used to determine if cubital tunnel syndrome is present

A

elbow flexion test

ORTHO TX I (5 decks)

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