FINAL EXAM Flashcards
T/F - nodding of the cervical spine occurs in the lower cervical spine, whereas flexion occurs in the upper C spine
FALSE
during flexion, nodding occurs in upper C-spine, flexion occurs in lower C-spine
T/F - rotation in the atlanto-occipital joint is negligible
TRUE
-principle motion of these two joints is flexion-extension (15°-20°) or nodding of head
-side flexion is ~10°
T/F - the atlas has a vertebral body
FALSE
T/F - the odontoid process of C2 has evolved from the vertebral body of C1
TRUE
T/F - the atlanto-axial joint is the least mobile articulation of the spine
FALSE
= MOST mobile articulations of the spine, they are ellipsoid & act in unison
T/F - rotation is the primary movement of the joints between C1-C2
TRUE
rotation is the primary movement of atlanto-axial joints (C1-C2)
T/F - the atlanto-axial joint is the articulation between C1 and C2
TRUE
T/F - the first palpable spinous process below the external occipital protuberance is the spinous process of C1
FALSE
first palpable vertebra descending from the EOP = SP of C2
what are the joints of Luschka? (costal/ uncovertebral processes/ uncinate joints)
-uncovertebral processes of inferior vertebrae
-pseudo - joint formed by weakness in annulus fibrosus
greatest stresses placed on the vertebral artery
-where it enters TVP of C6
-within bony canals of vertebral TVPs
-between C1 & C2
-between C1 & occiput
in shoulder/upper crossed syndrome, which muscles would be short & tight?
pectorals, upper traps, suboccipitals, levator scapula
in shoulder/upper crossed syndrome, which muscles would be long & taut?
deep neck flexors, rhomboids, serratus anterior, lower traps
a group of inherited disorders characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyper-extensibility and increased bruising is called…
Ehler’s Danlos Syndrome
an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and destruction of connective tissue resulting in hypermobility of the affected joints is called…
Rheumatoid Arthritis
inherited disorder with fragmentation of elastin, leading to joint hypermobility, elongated bones, aortal widening, mitral valve prolapse and changes in the eye is called…
Marfan’s Syndrome
to test for nerve root compression in the C spine, what would be the best special test to perform?
Spurling’s
to differentiate dizziness or vertigo, what would be the best special test to perform?
Hautant’s
which special test is to assess for nerve root compression in C spine by alleviating symptoms?
distraction
what trigger point referral pattern refers pain around the ear?
suboccipitals
which trigger point referral pattern refers pain to the top of the head?
splenius capitis
which trigger point referral pattern refers pain to the temple?
splenius cervicis
temporalis
semispinalis capitis
T/F - tension headaches are a muscle contraction type headache
TRUE
T/F - tension headaches cannot be the condition or secondary because of an underlying pathology
FALSE
primary: headache is the condition
secondary: result of an underlying pathology, such as hypertension or head trauma
T/F - predisposing factors of tension headaches can be TP stimuli or TMJ dysfunction
TRUE
trauma, acute mm overload, infection, fatigue, chilling of mm, referred pain, emotional stress, sleep disturbance, postural imbalances (hyperkyphosis, head-forward posture)