Midterm 1- Readings- Knapp

Question 1

nonverbal communication

Answer 1

comm. effected by means other than words, assuming words are the verbal element

Question 2

encoding

Answer 2

type of signal produced

Question 3

decoding

Answer 3

perceivers code for interpreting the symbol

Question 4

small group ecology

Answer 4

how people use and respond to spatial relationships in formal and informal group settings

Question 5

traces of action

Answer 5

impression of people based on things they do

Question 6

speech independent

Answer 6

“okay” “peace”

Question 7

speech related

Answer 7

may serve to illustrate what is being said verbally

Question 8

nervous mannerisms

Answer 8

some are relics from an earlier time in life, when we first learned how to manage emotions

Question 9

6 primary facial expressions

Answer 9

• anger
• sadness
• surprise
• happiness
• fear
• disgust

Question 10

vocal behavior- distinction made between two types of sounds

Answer 10

• sound variations made with the vocal cords during speech that are a function of changes in pitch, duration, and loudness
• sounds that result primarily from physiological mechanisms other than the vocal cords

Question 11

perspectives on nonverbal

Answer 11

1-defining it
2-classifying it
3-nonverbal comm in total
4- historical trends in nonverbal research
5- nonverbal comm in everyday life

Question 12

threefold perspective resulting from Mehrabians extensive testing

Answer 12

1. immediacy-sometimes we react to things by evaluating them as positive or negative, good or bad, and so on
2. status- enact or perceive behaviors that indicate various aspects of status to us, such as strong or weak, superior or subordinate
3. responsiveness- our perceptions of activity as being slow or fast, active or passive

Question 13

other functions of nonverbal

Answer 13

• repeating
• conflicting
• complementing
• substituting
• accenting
• regulating (p.19)

Question 14

autonomous gestures-speech independent

Answer 14

nonverbal acts that have a direct verbal translation or dictionary definition, usually consisting of a word or two or a phrase

Question 15

4 common types of speech related gestures

Answer 15

• gestures related to the speakers referent, concrete or abstract
• gestures indicating the speakers relationship to the referent
• gestures that act as visual punctuation for the speaker’s discourse
• gestures that assist in the regulation and organization of the spoken dialogue between two interactants

Question 16

referent related gestures

Answer 16

ex: pointing somewhere

Question 17

punctuation gestures

Answer 17

accent, emphasize, and organize important segments of the discourse

Question 18

interactive gestures

Answer 18

acknowledge the other interactant relative to the speaker and help regulate and organize the dialogue itself

Question 19

4 types of interactive gestures and the functions they serve

Answer 19

1. ) delivery gesture: new information
   2) citing gestures:”i see you understood me” “as I said earlier”
2. ) seeking gestures: “Ya know?”
3. ) turn gestures: signal “you go ahead and talk”

Question 20

clothes and personality

Answer 20

p. 192
- high males were aggressive, confident, outgoing, unsympathetic, moody, impulsive, and had low self concept regarding their familial interactions
- high females were radical, detached, high opinion of self worth
- low males were guarded about self revelations, low self concept
- low females timid, sincere, accepting, patient, low motivation for love relationships. Feelings of inferiority as well

Question 21

functions of gazing (4)

Answer 21

1. ) regulatory: responses may be demanded or suppressed by looking
2. ) monitoring: people may look at their partner to indicate the conclusions of thought units and to check their partners attentiveness and reactions
3. ) cognitive: people tend to look away when having difficulty processing information or deciding what to say
4. ) expressive: degree and nature of involvement or emotional arousal may be revealed through looking

Question 22

autism spectrum disorder

Answer 22

used to represent nature of autistic symptoms ranging from severe to mild

Question 23

race and gaze

Answer 23

whites gaze more than blacks

-might have to do with authority figures

Question 24

verbal+vocal+facial=

Answer 24

perceived attitude of communicator

Question 25

vocal characteristics

Answer 25

acoustic properties

Question 26

lens model

Answer 26

a full understanding of vocal and other nonverbal must acknowledge interlocking steps:
a persons state or trait is:
-reflected in acoustic behavior
-which is perceived by the listener
-who forms impression or attribution
-which may then be the basis for behavioral reaction or change in listener

Question 27

personality stereotypes and vocal cues

Answer 27

p. 335, 337

Question 28

turn

Answer 28

• yielding
• requesting
• maintaining
• denying

Question 29

types of pauses

Answer 29

filled, silent