Midterm 1 Flashcards
Natural compounds are not toxic.
false
Socrates was executed by poisoning.
true
Pharmaceuticals can be environmental pollutants.
true
The Geneva Convention aims to reduce global mercury pollution.
false
The units of fugacity are grams.
false
Pollution causes more deaths than AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined.
true
One million Americans die prematurely due to pollution each year.
false
A compound can be either toxic or nontoxic depending on the dosage.
true
Home water filters typically rely on the Kow of carbon to be effective.
false
Bioaccumulation does not require input of energy from the organism.
false
Georg Ebers was: -an Egyptologist -a Swiss physician -a Roman poisoner -a chemist -an editor at Nature
an Egyptologist
You have carefully extracted and concentrated pollutants from a water sample for analysis in the lab. You know that the concentrated samples could be unstable because you have increased their: -hydrophobicity -log Kow -log Koc -fugacity -BCF
fugacity
Which of the following wavelengths of light is most likely to break down pollutants? -400 nm -500 nm -600 nm -700 nm -none of the above
400 nm (UV light)
Your sister, the know-it-all physician, calls you to lament that the cancer drugs they use do not get into tumors and kill them. Having taken my class, you know that this is because: -there are biological mechanisms that limit accumulation. -they are not hydrophobic. -they have a low Kow, so they do not bioconcentrate. -Miss Know-it-All is not very good at administering drugs correctly. -they are so hydrophobic that they stick to the syringe.
there are biological mechanisms that limit accumulation
There has been a pollutant spill at SIO pier, into the water. The University has contacted you for recommendations on how to rapidly reduce its toxicity. Which of the following pieces of data do you need to know to determine if the compound will concentrate in fish? -Koc -Kow -Kos -Kcl
Kow
What are the breakdown products of DDT?
DDE and DDD
What chemical property are we interested in when using Henry’s constant? -Volatility -Photostability -Dissolution -Adsorption
volatility
What is the major source of alkaloids?
plants
Bioconcentration involves what fundamental process discussed in the reading “Contaminant amplification in the environment”? -solvent depletion -solvent rotovaping -solvent switching
solvent switching
Mercury exposure in Americans is most commonly caused from consumption of what? -shrimp -salmon -tuna -soybeans
tuna
Where does methylation of inorganic mercury occur in the ocean? -all of the above -the water column -anoxic sediments -oxic sediments
anoxic sediments
Carpets advertising strong stain resistance are commonly coated in what type of compound? -perfluorochemicals -neonicotinoids -polybrominated diphenyl ethers -phthalates
perfluorochemicals
Paracelsus is best known for?
dose makes the poison
The solubility of a compound in octanol is most directly related to its: -Koc -fugacity -BCF -Ks -concentration in water
BCF














