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Biomechanics Exam 1 > Midtarsal joint > Flashcards

Midtarsal joint Flashcards

1
Q

Midtarsal joint composed of 2 joints

A
  1. Talonavicular

2. Calcaneocuboid

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2
Q

Midtarsal joint composed of 2 axes

A
  1. Longitudinal midtarsal joint axis (LMJA)

2. Oblique Midtarsal Joint Axis (OMJA)

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3
Q

Midtarsal joint is —————-and each axis is ————–

A

Biaxial

Triplanar

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4
Q

LMJA is ———from the transverse plane

A

15º

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5
Q

LMJA is———-from the sagittal plane

A

9º

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6
Q

LMJA is ———-from the frontal plane

A

75º

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7
Q

LMJA provides primarily ———plane motion

A

Frontal

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8
Q

OMJA is located ——–from the transverse plane

A

52º

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9
Q

OMJA is located ———-from the Sagittal plane

A

57º

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10
Q

OMJA is located ———-from the frontal plane

A

38º

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11
Q

Primary motion at the OMJA is

A

dorsiflexion/ platarflexion ( Sagittal plane)

with equal amount of abduction/adduction (transverse plane)

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12
Q

The OMJA is sometimes referred to as

A

secondary ankle joint

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13
Q

The OMJA is sometimes referred to as secondary ankle joint because

A

The OMJA can provide dorsiflexion.

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14
Q

The range of motion of the midtarsal joint is highly dependent upon the position of

A

subtalar joint

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15
Q

As the subtalar joint pronates

A

The axis becomes more parallel and we get increased ROM

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16
Q

As the axis becomes more oblique

A

we get decreased ROM

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17
Q

The relationship of the axis determines

A

what kind of motion is available

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18
Q

What is Elftman’s theory?

A
  • As the subtalar joint becomes pronated, the 2 axes become more parallel, increasing the mid tarsal range of motion available
  • As the subtalar joint supinates, the 2 axes become more divergent, causing decreased range of motion available at the midtarsal joint .
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19
Q

pronation of mid-tarsal joint , causes

A

increase in midtarsal joint range of motion

20
Q

Supination of midtarsal joint, causes

A

decrease in midtarasl joint range of motion

21
Q

Elfman’s theory suggests that if the subtalar joint is in neutral position, the maximally pronated position of the forefoot

A

should be perpendicular to the calcaneal bisection

22
Q

If the subtalar joint is maximally supinated,the maximally everted (pronated)position of midtarsal joint (forefoot relative to the rear foot)

A

may be inverted relative to the calcaneal bisection

23
Q

If the subtalar joint is maximally pronated, the maximally everted (pronated) position of the midtarsal joint

A

may demonstrate an everted position of the forefoot relative to the rearfoot (Calcaneal bisection)
for these make sure you look at the pictures

24
Q

when subtalar joint pronates

A

the OMJA and the LMJA are parallel to each other

25
Q

For measuring the midtarsal joint,

A

you want the subtalar joint in the neutral position and midtarsal maximally pronated

26
Q

For each subtalar joint position how many positions are available at the midtarsal joint?

A
  1. Maximally supinated
  2. Supinated
  3. Maximally pronated
27
Q

In off-weight bearing (OKC) the ——-joint effects the ————joint position and ROM

A

Subtalar

midtarsal

28
Q

The ———–joint DOES NOT effect ———–joint in OKC

A

Midtarsal

Subtalar

29
Q

What is the “locked” position of midtarsal joint?

A

Maximally pronated position

30
Q

Locked position of midtarsal joint provides

A

Stability of the foot during gait

31
Q

If the midtarsal joint is not maximally pronated

A

it is supinated

32
Q

Midtarsal joint locking occurs as a result of

A
  • cuboid rotating until its dorsal border touch the anterior overhang of the calcaneus
  • soft tissue effects
  • Although ligaments contribute to the stability the Peroneus longus and Posterior tibial muscles are important as well
33
Q

Fibularis longus acts to

A
  • stabilize the 1st ray
  • Resisting inversion force of the midtarsal joint
  • Stabilize the 1st ray against the lesser tarsus
34
Q

The tibialis posterior applies

A

an adduction moment to the lesser tarsus

35
Q

Tibialis posteior and Fibularis longus function together or against each other to

A

prevent excessive motion at the midtarsal joint

36
Q

What is the dominant plane of the midtarsal joint and why?

A

Because the LMJA is so close to the transverse and sagittal planes, dominance other that frontal plane is unlikely
it is basically saying that there is more angulation to the frontal plabe

37
Q

What are dominant plane(s) at OMJA?

A

Transverse and Sagittal planes -mostly sagittal though (because they almost have equal angulations)
changes from normal will very likely produce dominant motion in one plane.

38
Q

Sagittal plane dominance ~Motion at the OMJA will be increase in the ———-plane , particularly in the direction of ———–

A

Sagittal plane

Dorsiflexion

39
Q

Transverse plane dominance ~

————sagittal plane motion will be available making the OMJA less likely to compensate for —————

A

Less

Ankle joint equinus

40
Q

Transverse plane dominance ~

———–transverse plane motion will be available, which is ————to control clinically

A

More

More difficult

41
Q

What is Equinus?

A

Equinus is a condition in which the upward bending motion of the ankle joint is limited

42
Q

LMJA can readily compensate for

A

pronatory deformities at the subtalar joint

43
Q

LMJA is unable to compensate for

A

inverted rearfoot deformities

44
Q

If we have a pronated foot what will be the motion at the mid-tarsal joint?

A

inversion

45
Q

LMJA undergoes

A

Supination

46
Q

OMJA undergoes

A

Pronation

Biomechanics Exam 1 (12 decks)

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