Middle Bronze Age (2000-1560BC) Flashcards
What was Canaanite culture like in the Middle Bronze Age? Outline the ways in which it developed/flourished (4 ways)
The heyday of Canaanite culture,
Renewal of urban culture after it had stopped in the Lower Middle Bronze Age
social, political and technological developments,
Period of international relations all over the ancient Near East,
Appearance of writing in Israel
How did the settlements operate?
built/operated according to a hierarchical system based on economic and political power and trading systems (regional centers, production centers, villages & farms)
What was trade based on?
What aspect of trade was renewed at the time?
based on the passage of raw materials and products (each area of trade required unique materials and products). Renewal of international trade
Why were the port cities so powerful?
controlled the trading systems and thus had the most economic power. As a result, they also had political, social and economic control in the settlements around the valleys and mountains of Canaan
How did the growth of population and communities affect urban living?
affected architecture and urban planning. The buildings were untidy and the density was high.
What cultures were most influential at the time on Canaanite culture?
Egyptian and Mesopotamian
What sort of technologies did they have?
Different technologies: granulation of jewlery, scarabs, cylinder seals, horse bit, stone tools and faience
How did ceramics evolve in the Middle Bronze Age?
mass quality production and with better/faster stones
What are the execration texts (כתבי המארות)?
ancient Egyptian texts listing enemies of the pharaoh in Kush, Libya, and Barthanu (around Israel and Syria)
Where would the fortification wall of Jerusalem mostly likely have been?
Most probably around the Gihon Spring
Who was Hammurabi? When did he reign?
sixth king of the First Babylonian Dynasty (1792-1750BC)
Under the rule of Hammurabi, how did the city of Babylon evolve? (3 ways)
Became the political, religious, and cultural center of the Babylonian empire
What did Hammurabi do to develop/improve his empire? (4 things)
Conquered lands, built temples, dug channels, legislated laws
What was the code of Hammurabi? On what is it written?
Most complete and perfect collection of laws/legal text legislated by Hammurabi during his reign. The primary copy is inscribed on a basalt stele
Where did he place the “code of Hammurabi”
Babylon’s temple of Marduk
