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History > Middle Ages > Flashcards

Middle Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

Vassal

A

The king’s followers

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2
Q

Peasant

A

A poor person who farmed the land

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3
Q

Serf

A

A peasant who belonged to the Lord and farmed his land

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4
Q

Freeman

A

A peasant that paid rent and tax but could travel as he pleased

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5
Q

Bailiff

A

Kept the lord’s accounts and law and order in the estate

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6
Q

Manor

A

A small village surrounded by land run by a Lord and farmed by peasants

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7
Q

Fallow

A

Every year one of the 3 fields would be kept empty to rest the soil

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8
Q

Motte and bailey castle

A

First castles every made and were built with wood

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9
Q

Keep

A

The main building in a castle where the Lord and his family lived

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10
Q

Battlement

A

At the top of the keep used as a lookout for enemies

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11
Q

Turret

A

Strong towers along the walls

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12
Q

Curtain wall

A

The outer wall of a castle

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13
Q

Portcullis

A

An iron grille in front of the castle gate

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14
Q

Latrines

A

Toilets in the corner of a castle

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15
Q

Forge

A

Where blacksmiths worked

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16
Q

Catapult

A

A machine used to fire boulders over castle walls

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17
Q

Ballista

A

A giant crossbow

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18
Q

Siege tower

A

Enclosed ladders

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19
Q

Solar

A

The warmest room in the manor belonging to the lady of the castle who did things like embroidery there

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20
Q

Tapestry

A

A rug with pictures on it

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21
Q

Trencher

A

A big piece of bread used as a plate

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22
Q

Hawking

A

Hunting with trained hawks

23
Q

Jousting

A

When a knight fights another knight on a horse

24
Q

Dowry

A

Money or gifts a womans family would give to the man she’s marrying

25
Q

Page

A

The first stage to becoming a knight, he would learn how to ride a horse and use a sword

26
Q

Squire

A

The second stage in becoming a knight, he helped the lord in battle

27
Q

Dubbing

A

The ceremony when a squire became a knight

28
Q

Chivalry

A

The code of honour knights swore to uphold

29
Q

High Street

A

The main street of a town and often the only one that was paved with wooden planks or stones

30
Q

Toll

A

The tax merchants had to pay in order to enter a town

31
Q

Curfew

A

When everybody in the town had to put out their fires or pay a fine

32
Q

Leprosy

A

A disease that if you got meant you would be banished from the town

33
Q

Black Death

A

A plague that wiped out 1/3 of Europe’s population, vicims got swellings under their armpits, necks and groin

34
Q

Charter

A

A legal document granted by the king that allowed the town to run it’s own affairs

35
Q

Corporation

A

A council that ran the towns affairs

36
Q

Guild

A

An organisation that every craftsperson had to belong to (there was one for every craft)

37
Q

Craftsperson

A

Someone with a special skill or trade

38
Q

Apprentice

A

Lived with a matser craftsmanfor 7 years to learn the trade

39
Q

Journeyman

A

He travelled around and now gets paid for his work

40
Q

Master

A

When a journeyman gets his own workshop

41
Q

Masterpiece

A

A piece a journeyman produces in order to become a master

42
Q

Parish

A

The Church was divided into parishes

43
Q

Diocese

A

A bishop ran these and they wer bigger than a parish

44
Q

Cathedral

A

A big church built by the bishop

45
Q

Romanesque Church

A

A dark, gloomy church with thick columns, arches and small windows

46
Q

Gothic Church

A

Has spires, towers, statues (gargoyles), big glass stained windows, flying buttresses and thin columns

47
Q

Dormitory

A

Where the monks slept

48
Q

Cloisters

A

Where the monks walked and prayed

49
Q

Chapter house

A

Where they disscussed busibess of the monastery and elected an abbot

50
Q

Infirmary

A

Hospital/sick room

51
Q

Scriptorium

A

Where they copied manuscripts

52
Q

Guest house

A

Where they gave food to the poor and travellers

53
Q

Refectory

A

Where they ate

54
Q

Feudal system

A

How society was organised and how land was owned

History (10 decks)

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