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Midbrain Flashcards

1
Q

What structures does midbrain connect?

A

Connects pons and cerebellum with forebrain

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2
Q

This structure travels through the midbrain and is filled with csf?

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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3
Q

Anterior part of midbrain?

A

Crux cerebri

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4
Q

Posterior part of midbrain?

A

Tegmentum

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5
Q

Crus cerebri and tegmentum are divided by?

A

Substantia nigra

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6
Q

Midbrain located between?

A

Diencephalon and pons

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7
Q

This connects 3rd and 4th ventricles?

A

Aqueduct of sulvius

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8
Q

Area behind aqueduct of sylvius termed?

A

Tectum

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9
Q

Tectum made of what structures?

A

Corpora quadrigemmina.
2 superior colliculi
2 inferior colliculi

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10
Q

Function of superior colliculi?

A

Controls reflex movement of the eyes, head and neck in response to vision.
Are connected by the superior brachium to lateral geniculate body

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11
Q

Function of inferior colliculus?

A

Control reflex to auditory stimuli.

Connected by inferior brachium to medial geniculate body.

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12
Q

What cranial nerves emerge below inferior colliculis?

A

Trochlear nerve.

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13
Q

Depression in the middle of anterior portion of midbrain?

A

Interpenduncular fossa

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14
Q

Interpenduncular fossa has what structures bounding it?

A

Crus cerebri

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15
Q

Where does occulomotor nerve emerge from?

A

Medial side of crus cerebri

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16
Q

Midvrain consists of two lateral halves names?

A

Cerebral peduncles.

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17
Q

What surrounds the cerebral aqueduct?

A

Periaqueductal grey matter.

Ependymal cells.

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18
Q

Inferior colliculus recieves fibres from?

A

Lateral lemniscus

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19
Q

The trochlear nerve emerges posterior to?

A

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

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20
Q

The fibers of trochlear nerve dessucate where?

A

Superior medullary velum.

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21
Q

Lateral to cerebral aqueduct?

A

Mesencephalic nucleus of trigemminal nerve

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22
Q

Central part of tegmentum in front of cerebral aqueduct?

A

Dessucation if superior cerebellar peduncles

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23
Q

Lateral to dessucation of superior cerebellar peduncles?

A

Reticular formation.

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24
Q

Posterior to substantia naigra?

A

Medial lemniscus

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25
Q

Lateral to medial lemniscus?

A

Trigemminal and spinal lemnisci

26
Q

Posterior to trigemminal lemniscus?

A

Lateral lemniscus

27
Q

Types of neurons in substantua naigra?

A

Multipolar

28
Q

Substantia naigra is dark because?

A

It is made of incusion granules of melanin pigment in cytoplasm

29
Q

Substantia naigra function?

A

Secretion of dopamine to inhibit excitatory neurones of basal nuclei

Controls muscle tone

30
Q

Substantia naigra is also connected to?

A

Basal nuclei
Cerebral cortex
Spinal cord
Hypothalamus

31
Q

Crus cerebri is made ip of?

A

Descending tracts which connect cerebral cortex with anterior grey colums of spinal cord, cranial nerve nuclei, pons,cerebellum.

32
Q

Descending tracts in crus cerebri?

A

Corticospinal and corticonuclear-middle 2/3

Frontopontine-medial part

Temperopontine-lateral part

33
Q

How is lateral lemniscus formed?

A

Cell bodies of vestibular and cochlear nerves plus superior olivary nuclei to synapse at a nuclei in inferior colliculus-lateral lemniscus

34
Q

Whats the medial longitudinal fasciculis?

A

Fibre bundle that connects auditory pathway to visual i.e ocular movement and hence CN 3,4,6

35
Q

This structure connects midbrain to cerebellum?

A

Superior cerebellar peduncles

36
Q

Superior colliculis recieves afferent fibres from?

A

Optic nerve and spinotectal tract

37
Q

Tracts in superior cerebellar peduncles

A

Anterior/ventral spinothalamic tract

38
Q

Problem with substantia naigra?

A

Parkinsons dx

39
Q

Dorsal sensory fibres carry?

A

Propioception
Fine touch
Vibration
Teo poimt discrimination

40
Q

Fasciculus gracialis is found?

A

On medial side of dorsal column of sc and controls lower region
Travels up to medulla and synapses on nucleus gracialis

41
Q

Fasciculus cuneatus is found?

A

On lateral part of dorsal sc and controls upper regions. Travels up to medulla and synapse on nucleus cuneatus

42
Q

Internal arcuate fibers?

A

Axons of nucleus cuneatus* nucleus gracialis

43
Q

Medial lemniscus?

A

Internal arcuate fibers cross over contrallaterally and ascend

44
Q

Trigemminal lemniscus?

A

Propioception on face x head

45
Q

Lateral spinothalamic tract

A

Info on pain and temperature

46
Q

Ventral spinothalamic tract

A

Crude touch

47
Q

How lateral lemniscus is formed

A

Lateral spinothalamic tract synapse on substantia gelatinosa and cross over to ventral spinothalamic tract.

Some lst ascend straight without crossing over and in ascending mix up with ascending ventral and lateral st to form spinal lemniscus.

48
Q

Responsible for reflex movement of the eyes,head, neck in response to visual stimuli

A

Efferent fibres from Tectobulbar and tectospinal tracts.

49
Q

Afferent for light reflex

A

Pretectal nucleus

50
Q

Parasympathetic nucleus of occulomotor nerve

A

Edinger westphal nucleus

51
Q

Where is occulomotor nerve found?

A

Central grey matter
Pass anterior through red nucleus
To medial aspect of crus cerebri

Found at superior colliculus level

52
Q

This lemnisci is not found at superior colliculis level

A

Lateral lemniscus

53
Q

Whats the red nuclues?

A

Rounded mass of grey matter between cerebral aqueduct and substantia naigra.

Red because it is vascularized and has iton containing pigment.

At superior colliculus level

54
Q

Present al all levels

A

Reticular formation

Substantia naigra

55
Q

The mesencephalic nucleus

A

Found in level of superior colliculi

56
Q

What connects red nucleus and spinal cord?

A

Rubrospinal tract

Dessucation of rubrospinal tract at kevel of superior colliculus

57
Q

Function of reticular formation

A

Contrils respiratory abd cardiovascular centres

Sense of wakefulness

58
Q

Location of reticular formation

A

Lateral and posterior to red nucleus

59
Q

The corticospunal, corticonuclear, corticopomtine fibres

A

At level if inferior colliculi

60
Q

Afferent fibers to red nucleus through

A 
Corticospinal fron cortex
Superior cerebellar peduncles from cerebellum 
Lentiform
Subthalamic
Hypothalamic
Substantia naigra
61
Q

Efferent fibres from red nucleus through

A

Rubrospinal tract to red nucleus
Rebroreticular tract to reticular formation
Thalamus
Sunstantia naigra

My Own Neuro (8 decks)

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