Mid Tudor Religion Flashcards
When was the Book of Homilies introduced?
1547.
How many sacraments did the First Book of Common Prayer allow?
Five (was seven).
Also allowed Communion in both kinds.
What was a Chantry?
A building for prayers for the dead.
What did the Second Book of Common Prayer introduce?
A fully Protestant English Church.
What were the Forty-Two Articles?
Articles specifying a clear Protestant faith. Not enacted because Edward died.
How was Edward successful in introducing Protestantism?
- Passed legislation.
- Abolished chantries.
How was Edward not successful in introducing Protestantism?
- Western Rising.
- Short reign
- Counter-Reformation under Mary had some success.
- Limited impact outside the South East.
When was the First Book of Common Prayer and First Act of Uniformity passed?
1548/9.
When was the Second Book of Common Prayer and Second Act of Uniformity passed?
1552.
What is heresy?
Speaking out against the official church.
When was the Heresy Act passed?
- It made it illegal to challenge Mary’s changes to the Church.
Who was the first person that Mary
burnt?
Rogers (1555).
How many people did Mary burn?
300 (including 51 women)
Who were the Marian Exiles?
Protestants who fled England for the Continent during Mary’s reign.
Name two individuals who Mary burnt.
Bishop Hooper (1555).
Latimer and Ridley (October 1555).
Cranmer (1556).
What is “Acts and Monuments” often known as?
Foxe’s Book of Martyrs.
How reliable is Foxe’s Book of Martyrs?
- Extremely influential
- Eyewitness testimony
- Foxe was out of the country during the burnings.
- Much evidence came from family and friends of those burnt.
How successful was Mary’s policy of burning?
- Foxe’s Book of Martyrs.
- Some of Mary’s advisers like Gardiner were critical of the policy.
- Cherry-Sellers attended some burnings in Kent due to the size of the crowds.
- Most of the burnings took place in the South-East which tended to be more Protestant.
- People were often denounced by family and friends.
When was the First Act of Repeal?
1553 - it restored the English Catholic Church.
When was the Second Act of Repeal?
1554 - it restored the Roman Catholic Church.
What changes did the Royal Injunctions (1554) introduce?
Restored some Catholic Holy Days and ceremonies.
Clergy had to be re-ordained.
Who was Mary’s Archbishop of Canterbury
Cardinal de la Pole.
What did the Royal Injunctions of 1547 state?
- Preach and Bible in English.
- Images removed.
What did Edward’s Visitations show?
Level of education was poor amongst the clergy.
What do Church Wardens records, especially from the South East, show?
Widespread acceptance of Edward’s changes e.g. through the whitewahing of Church walls.
What did the Black Rubric state?
Kneeling was for order and not for idolatry.
What were the Twelve Decrees?
Improve clerical discipline over absenteeism, pluralism simony and heresy.
How was Mary successful in introducing her Counter-Reformation?
- Large majority of people were Catholic (80%).
- Church wardens accounts show that outside of the South East many welcomed the changes.
- Mary was prepared to reform the Church through the Twelve Decrees.
How was Mary unsuccessful in introducing the Counter-Reformation?
- Short reign.
- No heir.
- Limited propaganda.
- Impact of the burnings.
Who advised Mary to limit the burnings?
Gardiner and Philip.
