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Later Tudors > Elizabeth & Government > Flashcards

Elizabeth & Government Flashcards

1
Q

How many members were there on Elizabeth’s Privy Council?

A

12

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2
Q

What was a courtier?

A

Someone who attended court. This included 2/3 of the nobility. One important courtier was Raleigh.

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3
Q

What was a Lord Lieutenant?

A

Local nobility who controlled a county.

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4
Q

Name an important Elizabethan Privy Councillor.

A
  • William Cecil (Burghley)
  • Robert Dudley (Leicester)
  • Robert Cecil
  • Essex
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5
Q

Give three areas of conflict between Elizabeth and her Privy Council.

A
  • Marriage 1567/1579
  • Netherlands 1578
  • Foreign policy 1593
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6
Q

Where did Essex fail in 1598/9?

A

Ireland after failing to deal with Tyrone Rebellion.

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7
Q

Give three ways in which Cecil played a vital role in Elizabeth’s government.

A
  • Managed both Parliament and the Privy Council.
  • Drafted correspondence for Elizabeth.
  • Oversaw the production of propaganda.
  • Ran a spy network.
  • Oversaw financial policy after 1572.
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8
Q

How did Elizabeth control her Privy Council?

A
  • Divide and rule.
  • Displayed affection to some by using nicknames.
  • Use of anger - Leicester and Walsingham were exiled from court.
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9
Q

Name two areas of conflict in Parliament.

A
  • Mary Stuart
  • Religion
  • Marriage
  • Monopolies
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10
Q

How did the Privy Council control Parliament?

A
  • Cecil and later Hatton were in charge of Parliament.
  • Sometimes they used Parliament to pressure Elizabeth into making decisions.
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11
Q

What was the Golden Speech of
1601?

A
  • Elizabeth’s response to conflict over monopolies.
  • Also made concessions over salt, vinegar and starch.
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12
Q

How was Parliament divided?

A

House of Commons (462 members)
House of Lords (75-100 members)

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13
Q

What powers did Elizabeth have over Parliament?

A

Elizabeth had the right to call, dismiss and prorogue Parliament.

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14
Q

How many times did Elizabeth call Parliament.

A

13 times

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15
Q

Name one MP that Elizabeth imprisoned.

A

Peter Wentworth

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16
Q

How did Elizabeth’s gender help her?

A
  • Used marriage as bait.
  • Flirted with Privy Councillors, Courtiers and Ambassadors.
17
Q

How did Elizabeth’s gender hinder her ability to rule?

A
  • Seen as less effective as she aged.
  • Had no heir as unmarried.
  • Her temper and delaying tactics were blamed on the fact that she was a woman.
18
Q

Who might have Elizabeth married if she had a choice?

A

Dudley but wife died in suspicious circumstances in 1560.

19
Q

Name two potential suitors for Elizabeth’s hand in marriage.

A
  • Archduke Charles 1567
  • Henri Duke of Anjou 1570
  • Francis Duke of Anjou 1579
20
Q

What were consequences of Elizabeth’s decision not to marry?

A
  • Elizabeth maintained her independence.
  • Avoided potential threats like the Wyatt Rebellion.
  • No heir.
  • No foreign alliance.
21
Q

When did Strickland propose changes to the Prayer Book in Parliament?

A

1571

22
Q

When did Cope’s Book and Bill fail?

A

1587

23
Q

When was Strickland sent to the Tower of London

A
  • 1576 for demanding freedom of speech.
  • 1593 for petitioning the monarch over the succession.
  • Died in the Tower in 1596.
24
Q

Why was Elizabeth angry with John Stubbs?

A
  • He published a pamphlet arguing against Elizabeth’s marriage to Francis Duke of Anjou in 1579.
  • He was imprisoned and had his right hand amputated.
25
Q

Why was the Privy Council particularly worried about the succession in 1562?

A
  • Elizabeth had nearly died from smallpox.
  • Allegedly named Dudley as her successor.
26
Q

How well did Dudley and Leicester work together?

A
  • There was conflict over marriage and war in the Netherlands.
  • However, they tended to work well together and had Elizabeth’s best interests at heart.
27
Q

How well did Essex and Robert Cecil work together?

A
  • Open conflict over a more aggressive foreign policy with Spain.
  • Conflict over patronage
  • Essex failed in Ireland in 1599. This reduced his influence over Elizabeth.
  • Essex Rebellion 1601 led to his execution.
28
Q

How did Elizabeth successfully deal with Parliament?

A
  • Power to control Parliament (call, dismiss and prorogue).
  • Power of Elizabeth’s speeches to Parliament.
  • Imprisoned members who angered her e.g Peter Wentworth 1576.
29
Q

How was Elizabeth not successful in dealing with Parliament?

A
  • Multiple bills were presented e.g Strickland 1571/ Cope’s Book and Bill 1587.
  • Forced to make concessions over monopolies.
  • Manipulated by the Privy Council through Parliament to “bounce”Elizabeth into decisions (Guy)
30
Q

Was Elizabeth successful in dealing with her Privy Council?

A
  • Laws were passed (Religious Settlement) and the Spanish Armada was defeated.
  • Banished Cecil and Dudley. Executed Essex.
  • Kept her throne for 45 years.
  • Weaknesses as Elizabeth aged.
  • As leading councillors died in the 1590s she struggled to find men of the same ability.
  • Conflict and factions (Cecil v. Dudley and Cecil v. Essex).
  • Misled Elizabeth and pressurised her to execute Mary Queen of Scots.

Later Tudors (7 decks)

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