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Later Tudors > Elizabeth Last Years > Flashcards

Elizabeth Last Years Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Elizabeth need to call Parliament more in her final decades?

A

She needed taxes to pay for the war with Spain.

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2
Q

How did Elizabeth managed to maintain control of Parliament in her final decade?

A
  • Parliament granted taxes regularly.
  • Elizabeth was able to maintain the royal prerogative.
  • Elizabeth was able to reduce the religious laws Parliament wanted to introduce.
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3
Q

How was Elizabeth not able to maintain control of Parliament in her final decade?

A
  • Elizabeth had to concede on the issue of purveyances.
  • Elizabeth had to give the Golden Speech in 1601.
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4
Q

What economic and social problems did England face after 1588?

A
  • Bad harvests between 1594 and 1597.
  • Outbreaks of disease like plague.
  • Increased numbers of vagrants.
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5
Q

How did Elizabeth and her government try to delal with the problem of vagrancy?

A
  • Book of Orders 1586
  • Poor Law Act 1597
  • Poor Law Act 1601
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6
Q

Where and when did the Food Riots take place?

A
  • Kent 1595
  • Sussex, Somerset and Norfolk between 1595-8
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7
Q

When did the Apprenticeship Riots take place?

A

London in 1592, 1593 and 1595.

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8
Q

When was the Oxfordshire Rising?

A

November 1596. Caused by enclosure.

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9
Q

How serious was the Oxfordshire Rising?

A
  • Limited threat as not many joined and the leaders lacked status.
  • It did lead to the 1597 Tillage Act which reversed any enclosure since 1588.
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10
Q

When was the Battle of Yellow Ford?

A

1598

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11
Q

Who was responsible for the rebellion in Ireland?

A

Earl of Tyrone (Tyrone Rebellion)

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12
Q

Who did Elizabeth initially send to Ireland to deal with the Tyrone Rebellion?

A

Earl of Essex

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13
Q

How successful was Essex in dealing with the Tyrone Rebellion?

A
  • Expensive - given 16,000 men.
  • Essex made a secret deal with Tyrone.
  • Elizabeth was furious.
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14
Q

How was the Tyrone Rebellion defeated?

A
  • Lord Mountjoy sent to Ireland - much more successful.
  • Tyrone surrendered in 1602.
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15
Q

What problems did Elizabeth’s court have in the final decade?

A
  • Death of important advisers.
  • Scandals in Court - Raleigh.
  • Elizabeth’s age made her seem less effective by some.
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16
Q

Why did war with Spain develop?

A
  • Religious differences.
  • Tensions over the New World.
  • Conflict over Mary Queen of Scots.
17
Q

How did trade cause conflict between Spain and England?

A
  • 3/4 of English trade was woollen cloth.
  • This was largely traded through Antwerp.
    *Antwerp was under Spanish control.
18
Q

Who was in charge of defeating the Armada?

A
  • Howard and Drake were in charge of the Navy.
  • Hundson held London .
  • Leicester was based in Tilbury where Elizabeth gave her speech.
19
Q

How did England militarily prepare for the Armada?

A
  • Militias were called up and beacons established. * The Navy had been developed and ships refitted.
20
Q

What were the immediate consequences of the Spanish Armada?

A
  • Leicester died.
  • Elizabeth refused to pay her sailors and soldiers.
  • Claimed that God had saved England.
21
Q

How much did the war with Spain cost England?

A

£4.5 million

22
Q

What political factions developed after 1588?

A

There was conflict between Essex and Robert Cecil.

23
Q

Who eventually succeeded Elizabeth?

A

James VI (but he was not formally acknowledged by Elizabeth).

24
Q

How did conflict in France end?

A

Henri IV converted to Catholicism in 1593. Elizabeth no longer needed to support him but he remained an ally.

25
Q

How did conflict in the Netherlands end?

A

Nassau was able to unite his country in opposition to the Spanish. This enabled Elizabeth to reduce support by 1596.

26
Q

What happened to the price of wheat by 1596?

A

The price of wheat doubled.

27
Q

What happened to the death rate between 1595 and 1597?

A

The death rate doubled.

28
Q

Which MP ended up in the Tower of London after challenging Elizabeth?

A

Peter Wentworth. Died in the Tower of London in 1593.

29
Q

How many Parliaments did Elizabeth call after 1588?

A

Four

30
Q

Where did Essex have military success?

A
  • Lisbon 1589
  • Cadiz 1596

Later Tudors (7 decks)

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