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Astronomy > Mid Term Exam 2021 > Flashcards

Mid Term Exam 2021 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the distance in length between 2 peak waves?

A

Wavelength

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2
Q

What is the range of light waves that expend from the wavelength of radio waves to gamma rays?

A

Electromagnetic Spectrum

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3
Q

What is the range of light waves that we can SEE?

A

Visible

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4
Q

What is the number of times larger an object appears through a telescope compared to the naked eye?

A

Magnification

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5
Q

What is the measure of the clarity of images?

A

Resolution

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6
Q

What is the spectrum produced from a hot gas?

A

Emission line spectrum

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7
Q

What color is the hottest star?

A

Blue

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8
Q

What do we call the lens that is thicker in the middle and bends light to a focal point?

A

Convex

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9
Q

What is it called when man made light reduces the visibility of stars?

A

Light pollution

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10
Q

What is known as the rebounding of light off of a smooth surface?

A

Reflection

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11
Q

The process in which our solar system was formed from a cloud of gas and dust is called what?

A

Accertion

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12
Q

The planets that are close to the sun, mostly rock, and have a high density are called what?

A

Rocky planets

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13
Q

What planet use to be a planet but isn’t anymore?

A

Pluto

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14
Q

Where are most asteroids located?

A

Asteroid belt

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15
Q

What are the evidence of collisions of objects into planets and moons?

A

Impact craters

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16
Q

What are the smaller objects that are less than 100km across that collided and formed in the planets of our solar system?

A

Planetesimals

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17
Q

What do we call the giant spherical shell surrounding the rest of the solar system?

A

Oort Cloud

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18
Q

What do we call the planets that are far from the sun, mostly gas, and have a low density?

A

Gas giants

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19
Q

What do we call it when a solid object is heated and changes color and give off light?

A

Black body Radiation

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20
Q

The spectrum produced when visible light passes through a cloud of cool gas in front of a continuous source of light?

A

Absorption line spectrum

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21
Q

What is the measure of the amount of light collected by a telescope?

A

Brightness

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22
Q

What is the effect that will change the wave length (light or sound) due to the motion of the source?

A

Doppler Effect

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23
Q

What do we call the number of wave peaks (crests) that pass a certain point in a period of time that is measured in hertz?

A

Frequency

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24
Q

This is caused by a star moving away from the observer.

A

Redshift

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25
Q

What is the height of waves called? (How tall the waves are)

A

Amplitude

26
Q

What is the color of the coolest stars?

A

Red

27
Q

This is caused when a star is moving toward the observer.

A

Blue shift

28
Q

When the build up of sound waves reach a person, what does it create?

A

Sonic Boom

29
Q

What do we call the bending of light as it passes through an object? (I.E. lens)

A

Refraction

30
Q

The simple rule that gives us the distance of the planets from the sun.

A

Bode’s Law

31
Q

What else besides asteroids are left over debris from the formation of the solar system?

A

Comets

32
Q

What is known as a huge cloud of star dust?

A

Solar Nebula

33
Q

What is the small rocky debris that people see in the solar system before they hit the surface of the earth?

A

Meteors

34
Q

What is a donut shaped region of icy bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune?

A

Kuiper Belt

35
Q

The gas that is collected in the center of the accretion disc.

A

Protosun

36
Q

What is the space debris that lands on the earths surface intact?

A

Meteors

37
Q

What creates a spectra?

A

Prism, Raindrops, CD’s

38
Q

What happens when things get hotter?

A

The color changes, The wavelengths shorten

39
Q

What do the redshift and blueshift of a star tell us?

A

Velocity

40
Q

What do we call a telescope that has 2 lenses?

A

Refraction telescope

41
Q

What increases in a telescope with long focal length?

A

Magnification

42
Q

What makes stars twinkle?

A

Turbulence of the atmosphere

43
Q

What do the waves do when a boat moves faster?

A

Compress

44
Q

What does black body radiation tell us about the stars?

A

Temperature

45
Q

What do we use to study naturally occurring radio light from stars, galaxies, black holes, and other astronomical objects?

A

Radio telescopes

46
Q

When would you use an optical telescope?

A

To monitor temperature

47
Q

What do we call the distance between the lens and the focal point?

A

Focal length

48
Q

Why is it difficult to see stars in the city?

A

Light pollution

49
Q

What happens when the boat or plane moves faster than the waves it produces and forms a V shape?

A

the waves overlap

50
Q

Increasing the telescopes diameter will increase what?

A

Magnification

51
Q

What are the 2 parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that makes it to the earth’s surface?

A

Visible light and radio waves

52
Q

Why is the Hubble space telescope better than the ones on earth?

A

The light does not pass through the atmosphere

53
Q

What can you tell me about the planets of the solar system?

A

Planets orbit in the same direction, Orbit in nearly the same plane, Most rotate in the same direction.

54
Q

Why did Pluto get kicked out of the planet club?

A

It is mostly make of gas

55
Q

Why are the inner planets made of mostly rock and the inner planets mostly made of gas?

A

The solar wind from the start of fusion when our star was born pushed lighter material out further.

56
Q

Why do we see shooting stars?

A

Friction causing the rocks to heat up and burn

57
Q

What is the source of most of the comets in the universe?

A

Oort Cloud

58
Q

What does Bode’s law predict?

A

That there should be a planet between Jupiter and Mars

59
Q

What are found between Jupiter and Mars?

A

Asteroids

60
Q

Why is our sun considered a 2nd generation star?

A

Because the solar system is made up of all the elements in the periodic table

61
Q

Why did the dinosaurs go extinct?

A

Due to the impact of an asteroid

62
Q

What is the region of leftovers from the solar systems early history?

A

Oort Cloud

Astronomy (10 decks)

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