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Astronomy > Atmosphere > Flashcards

Atmosphere Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for the rain that freezes as it falls through freezing air?

A

Sleet

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2
Q

What is the name of the scale used to determine the strength of tornados?

A

Fajita scale

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3
Q

What is created when winds are blowing at different speeds at different altitudes?

A

Wind shear

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4
Q

What is the term for something that begins as a raindrop - freezes and then is carried back into the clouds and then adds another layer of ice?

A

Hail

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5
Q

What is the name of the instrument that is used to measure the air pressure?

A

Barometer

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6
Q

What is the term for a severe thunderstorm with strong vertical rotation - - aka supercell?

A

Mesocyclone

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7
Q

What is the term for rivers of wind height above the atmosphere that separate cool air from warm air?

A

Jet Stream

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8
Q

What is the term for when water vapor turns to a liquid on a cooler object?

A

Condensation

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9
Q

What is the term for a storm with lightning?

A

Thunderstorm

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10
Q

What is the one thing that DEFINES a thunderstorm (what MUST be present)?

A

Lightning

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11
Q

What is the term for condensation of water on grass, cars, or other cooler objects?

A

Dew

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12
Q

What is the term for boundaries between air masses of different densities and temperatures?

A

Fronts

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13
Q

What measures the amount of humidity in the air?

A

Hydrometer

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14
Q

What is the term for the conversion of water from a liquid to a gas?

A

Evaporation

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15
Q

What is created by violently rotating air mass that TOUCHES the ground?

A

Tornado

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16
Q

What direction does the air in a low pressure system spins?

A

Counter clockwise

17
Q

Why are low pressure systems - low pressure?

A

The air is rising

18
Q

What direction does the air in a high pressure system spin?

A

Clockwise

19
Q

Why does a baseball in Denver fly farther than it does in New York?

A

Denver is at a higher altitude so there are less air molecules which causes less drag on the object

20
Q

What type of weather is associated with high pressure?

A

Sunny

21
Q

What type of weather is associated with low pressure?

A

Clouds and rain

22
Q

What is the distance a bolt of lightning can reach from a storm cloud?

A

10 miles

23
Q

What is given when a tornado is immanent (YOU NEED TO TAKE ACTION!)

A

Tornado warning

24
Q

What cause the most damage in tornados?

A

Flying objects

25
Q

What is the term for precipitation that is formed as rain drips freeze as they fall?

A

Sleet

26
Q

What is the term for precipitation that is formed as rain freezes as it falls then is blown back up into the cloud and gets another layer of ice until it is too heavy and falls?

A

Hail

27
Q

What is the term for precipitation that is formed as water vapor freezes and forms ice crystals?

A

Snow

28
Q

What is the term for when conditions are FAVORABLE for a tornado?

A

Tornado watch

29
Q

What is the FUEL for a thunderstorm or a tornado?

A

Warm air

30
Q

About how fast does sound travel?

A

1 mile in 5 seconds

31
Q

When does lightning form?

A

1 - - Negative charges build up in the bottom of the clouds
2 - - Positive charges move up vertical objects
3 - - Electric charges jump through air from clouds to vertical objects

32
Q

What can occur when you are struck by lightning?

A

1 - - your heart can stop or be put out of rhythm
2 - - all your muscles contract at the same time throwing you backwards
3 - - water instantly turns to steam and can be burned severely

33
Q

When does evaporation occurA?

A

When water molecules become a gas

34
Q

What type of process is evaporation and why?

A

It is a cooling process because heat leaves with the molecules

35
Q

Why would you be safe in a car from lightning?

A

You are surrounded by metal

Astronomy (10 decks)

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