Final Exam 2021 Flashcards
What is formed when there is a sliding boundary between two plates?
Fault
What is the term for when two plates are moving apart?
Diverging
What is the term for when the new hot material rises and cools spreading below the lithosphere?
Convection current
What is the term for the study of the formation and movements of plates?
Plate Tectonics
What is the term for the area of active belts around the Pacific plate?
Ring of Fire
What is the term for the number used to determine the magnitude of an earthquake?
Richter Scale
What is the term for the record “Sheet” that is recorded by a seismograph?
Seismogram
What is the term for friction between plates - it prevents movement and stress builds up and releases causing an earthquake?
Elastic Rebound theory
What is the type of eruptions that are usually very violent and contains large amounts of gas and forms a cinder cone?
Subduction
What is the type of eruptions that are in the middle of plates and they formed the Hawaiian Islands?
Hot spot
What is a dense super heated cloud of solid fragments of lava and move very fast?
Pyroclastic flow
What is the type of magma that is low in silica and fast moving?
Magic
What is the type of Magma that is high in silica and slow moving?
Felsic
What is used to detect and record earthquakes?
Seismograph
What are the type of waves that move like ripple on a pond?
L-waves
What are the type of waves that move side to side?
S-waves
What is a mountain of rocks above a large underground chamber of magma?
Volcano
What is they type of way that are compressed or primary waves with a back and forth movement?
P-waves
What is the point on the earth’s surface above the focus called?
Epicenter
What is the term for the shaking of the earth that is caused by the release of energy?
Earthquakes
What is the term for magma that reaches the surface?
Lava
What is the type of eruption that occurs at spreading center?
Rift
What is the term for underground molten rock?
Magma
Where do most volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
Along plate boundaries
What is the term for the mid ocean ridges and rift valleys that were formed by diverging boundaries?
Fracture zones
What is the term for the ridged but moving pieces of earth’s crust?
Plates
What was the original term for Plate Tectonics?
Continental Drift
What can cause an earthquake?
Volcano eruptions
Impact of meteor
collapse of a cavern
How does the amount of gas in lava affect the power of eruptions?
The more gas the more powerful
What type of lava is more explosive?
Felsic
What types of gas are release from a volcano?
Sulfur
Water
CO2
What type of boundary would produce rift valleys and mid ocean ridges?
Diverging
What type of boundary would produce a fault?
Sliding
Where do most volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
Along the borders of plates
What are plates made of?
Igneous rock
What wave of earthquakes is the fastest?
P-wave
How are volcanoes and earthquakes related?
To the movement of plates
What are earthquake prediction based on?
Time since the last earthquake
Seismic gaps
