Mid-term 2: Rapid Fire

Question 1

Polygynous primates:

Answer 1

Gorillas, vervets

Question 2

Polyandrous primates:

Answer 2

Marmosets, tamarins, Tarsiers

Question 3

Solitary primates:

Answer 3

Orangutans, Lorises, Tarsiers

Question 4

Monogamous primates:

Answer 4

Gibbons, siamangs, Tarsiers

Question 5

Multi Male/Multi Female primates:

Answer 5

Baboons, bonobos

Question 6

Noyau primates:

Answer 6

Lorises, lemurs

Question 7

Fission-Fusion primates:

Answer 7

Chimps, Capuchins

Question 8

Callitricidae (Callitricinae) Primates:

Answer 8

Marmosets, tamarins

Question 9

Cebidae (Various subfamilies) Primates:

Answer 9

Monkies: Woolly, Spider, Howler

Question 10

Colobinae Primates:

Answer 10

Colobus, langurs, proboscis

Question 11

Cercopithecinae primates:

Answer 11

Baboons, macaques, vervets, guenons

Question 12

Ponginae primates:

Answer 12

Orangutans

Question 13

Gorillinae primates:

Answer 13

Gorillas

Question 14

Homininae primates:

Answer 14

Chimps, bonobos, humans

Question 15

Orangutans: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

Answer 15

Fist-walking/Quadrumanous, Solitary, Frugivores

Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Hominoidea –> Hominidae –> Ponginae

Question 16

Gorillas: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

Answer 16

Knuckle walking, polygynous, folivores

Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Hominoidea –> Hominidae –> Gorillinae

Question 17

Chimpanzees: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

Answer 17

Knuckle walking, fission-fusion, omnivores

Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Hominoidea –> Hominidae –> Hominae

Question 18

Bonobos: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

Answer 18

Knuckle walking, multi-male/multi-female, frugivores/folivores
Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Cercopithecoidea –> Cercopithcidae –> Cercopithecinae

Question 19

Tarsiers: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

Answer 19

VCL, Monogamous/Polyandrous/Solitary , Insectivores, gets its own infraorder of tarsiformes within the haplorhini suborder

Question 20

Lorises: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet

Answer 20

Quadruped and VCL, Solitary, Insectivores

Question 21

Paleocene Epoch: Years ago, animal around, considered true primate?

Answer 21

55-65 mya, plesiadapiforms (primitive primate-like mammals), no

Question 22

Eocene Epoch: Years ago, animals around, features evolved

Answer 22

34-55 mya, Euprimates: Adapids and ommomyids, postorbital bar, petrosal auditory bulla

Question 23

Oligocene Epoch: Years ago, animals around, features evolved

Answer 23

24-34 mya, Parapithecids (2.1.3.3) and Propliopithecids (2.1.2.3), shortened snouts and small eye orbits

Question 24

Miocene Epoch: Years ago, animals around, features evolved

Answer 24

5-24 mya, “Dental apes” Procunsilidae Dryopithecus Sivapethicus Gigantopithecus, absence of a tail larger bodies and large brains (ape like 2.1.2.3 dental morphology)

Question 25

Most common form of locomotion in order of primates?

Answer 25

Arboreal quadrupedalism

Question 26

Terrestial quadrupedalism primates:

Answer 26

Baboons

Question 27

Folivores and Insectivores have what kind of molars? Folivores tend to have what kind of incisors?

Answer 27

High shearing crests, sharp cusps; small central incisors

Question 28

Frugivores tend to have what kind of incisors and what kind of molars?

Answer 28

Large, spatulated incisors; Low, rounded cusps

Question 29

Gumnivores tend to have what kind of incisors?

Answer 29

Procumbent incisors

Question 30

Only haplorhines to have claws on digits instead of nails:

Answer 30

Marmosets, tamarins

Question 31

Regarding diet, marmosets and tamarins are ____

Answer 31

Gumnivores

Question 32

Most basic Prosimians:

Answer 32

Lemurs, lorises, galagos AND tarsiers

Question 33

Most basic Anthropoids:

Answer 33

New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, humans

Question 34

Difference between Gradistic classifcation and Cladistic classification:

Answer 34

Gradistic has tarsiers grouped with streps lemurs lorises and galagos while cladistic has tarsiers grouped with haplorhinies

Question 35

Big Strepsirhines features:

Answer 35

Grooming claw, dental comb, tapetum lucidum, postorbital bar (but lack full postorbital closure)

Question 36

Big Haplorhines features:

Answer 36

Postorbital plate (with postorbital closure), relatively large brain

Question 37

Tarsiers have what strep features and what haps features?

Answer 37

Grooming claw; postorbital plate, shortened snout length, no tooth comb

Question 38

Big Platyrrhines features:

Answer 38

All arboreal, small bodied, nostrils broad and flat, 2.1.3.3 EXCEPT marmosets and tamarins, prehensile tail for some

Question 39

Big Catarrhines features:

Answer 39

Downward, narrow nostrils; large-bodied; 2.1.2.3; presence of diastema; canine honing complex

Question 40

Big Cercopithecoidea features:

Answer 40

Found in Africa and Asia (and Gibraltar), bilophodont molar teeth (two anterior and posterior cusps of molar aligned to form two ridges), sacculated stomach, cheek pouches

Question 41

Big Hominoidea features:

Answer 41

Y-5 molars (rounded cusps), no tail (only ones), long arms (except for humans), most behaviorally complex of primates

Question 42

Gorillas and vervets are what type of social structure?

Answer 42

Polygynous

Question 43

Baboons and Bonobos are what type of social structure?

Answer 43

Multi Male/Multi Female

Question 44

Lemurs and lorises are what type of social structure?

Answer 44

Noyau

Question 45

Chimps and capuchins are what type of social structure?

Answer 45

Fission-fusion

Question 46

Marmosets, Tamarins, tarsiers are what type of social structure?

Answer 46

Polyandrous

Question 47

Orangutans, Lorises, and tarsiers are what type of social structure?

Answer 47

Solitary

Question 48

Gibbons, siamangs, and tarsiers are what type of social structure?

Answer 48

Monogamous

Question 49

7 key sub-families (really just 6)

Answer 49

Various ones of Cebidae family, callitricinae, cercopithecinae, colobinae, ponginae, homininae, gorillinae

Question 50

Cercopithecinae is of the infraorder ____; Callitricinae is of the Infraorder ____

Answer 50

Catyrrhini; Platyrhini

Question 51

Textbook distinction between OWM and NWM

Answer 51

OWM in Asia and Africa, NWM in South America