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Anthropology > Mid-term 2: Rapid Fire > Flashcards

Mid-term 2: Rapid Fire Flashcards

1
Q

Polygynous primates:

A

Gorillas, vervets

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2
Q

Polyandrous primates:

A

Marmosets, tamarins, Tarsiers

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3
Q

Solitary primates:

A

Orangutans, Lorises, Tarsiers

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4
Q

Monogamous primates:

A

Gibbons, siamangs, Tarsiers

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5
Q

Multi Male/Multi Female primates:

A

Baboons, bonobos

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6
Q

Noyau primates:

A

Lorises, lemurs

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7
Q

Fission-Fusion primates:

A

Chimps, Capuchins

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8
Q

Callitricidae (Callitricinae) Primates:

A

Marmosets, tamarins

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9
Q

Cebidae (Various subfamilies) Primates:

A

Monkies: Woolly, Spider, Howler

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10
Q

Colobinae Primates:

A

Colobus, langurs, proboscis

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11
Q

Cercopithecinae primates:

A

Baboons, macaques, vervets, guenons

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12
Q

Ponginae primates:

A

Orangutans

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13
Q

Gorillinae primates:

A

Gorillas

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14
Q

Homininae primates:

A

Chimps, bonobos, humans

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15
Q

Orangutans: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

A

Fist-walking/Quadrumanous, Solitary, Frugivores

Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Hominoidea –> Hominidae –> Ponginae

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16
Q

Gorillas: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

A

Knuckle walking, polygynous, folivores

Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Hominoidea –> Hominidae –> Gorillinae

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17
Q

Chimpanzees: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

A

Knuckle walking, fission-fusion, omnivores

Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Hominoidea –> Hominidae –> Hominae

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18
Q

Bonobos: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

A

Knuckle walking, multi-male/multi-female, frugivores/folivores
Haplorhini –> Catyrrhini –> Cercopithecoidea –> Cercopithcidae –> Cercopithecinae

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19
Q

Tarsiers: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet, Taxonomy

A

VCL, Monogamous/Polyandrous/Solitary , Insectivores, gets its own infraorder of tarsiformes within the haplorhini suborder

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20
Q

Lorises: Locomotion, Social Structure, Diet

A

Quadruped and VCL, Solitary, Insectivores

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21
Q

Paleocene Epoch: Years ago, animal around, considered true primate?

A

55-65 mya, plesiadapiforms (primitive primate-like mammals), no

22
Q

Eocene Epoch: Years ago, animals around, features evolved

A

34-55 mya, Euprimates: Adapids and ommomyids, postorbital bar, petrosal auditory bulla

23
Q

Oligocene Epoch: Years ago, animals around, features evolved

A

24-34 mya, Parapithecids (2.1.3.3) and Propliopithecids (2.1.2.3), shortened snouts and small eye orbits

24
Q

Miocene Epoch: Years ago, animals around, features evolved

A

5-24 mya, “Dental apes” Procunsilidae Dryopithecus Sivapethicus Gigantopithecus, absence of a tail larger bodies and large brains (ape like 2.1.2.3 dental morphology)

25
Q

Most common form of locomotion in order of primates?

A

Arboreal quadrupedalism

26
Q

Terrestial quadrupedalism primates:

A

Baboons

27
Q

Folivores and Insectivores have what kind of molars? Folivores tend to have what kind of incisors?

A

High shearing crests, sharp cusps; small central incisors

28
Q

Frugivores tend to have what kind of incisors and what kind of molars?

A

Large, spatulated incisors; Low, rounded cusps

29
Q

Gumnivores tend to have what kind of incisors?

A

Procumbent incisors

30
Q

Only haplorhines to have claws on digits instead of nails:

A

Marmosets, tamarins

31
Q

Regarding diet, marmosets and tamarins are ____

A

Gumnivores

32
Q

Most basic Prosimians:

A

Lemurs, lorises, galagos AND tarsiers

33
Q

Most basic Anthropoids:

A

New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, humans

34
Q

Difference between Gradistic classifcation and Cladistic classification:

A

Gradistic has tarsiers grouped with streps lemurs lorises and galagos while cladistic has tarsiers grouped with haplorhinies

35
Q

Big Strepsirhines features:

A

Grooming claw, dental comb, tapetum lucidum, postorbital bar (but lack full postorbital closure)

36
Q

Big Haplorhines features:

A

Postorbital plate (with postorbital closure), relatively large brain

37
Q

Tarsiers have what strep features and what haps features?

A

Grooming claw; postorbital plate, shortened snout length, no tooth comb

38
Q

Big Platyrrhines features:

A

All arboreal, small bodied, nostrils broad and flat, 2.1.3.3 EXCEPT marmosets and tamarins, prehensile tail for some

39
Q

Big Catarrhines features:

A

Downward, narrow nostrils; large-bodied; 2.1.2.3; presence of diastema; canine honing complex

40
Q

Big Cercopithecoidea features:

A

Found in Africa and Asia (and Gibraltar), bilophodont molar teeth (two anterior and posterior cusps of molar aligned to form two ridges), sacculated stomach, cheek pouches

41
Q

Big Hominoidea features:

A

Y-5 molars (rounded cusps), no tail (only ones), long arms (except for humans), most behaviorally complex of primates

42
Q

Gorillas and vervets are what type of social structure?

A

Polygynous

43
Q

Baboons and Bonobos are what type of social structure?

A

Multi Male/Multi Female

44
Q

Lemurs and lorises are what type of social structure?

A

Noyau

45
Q

Chimps and capuchins are what type of social structure?

A

Fission-fusion

46
Q

Marmosets, Tamarins, tarsiers are what type of social structure?

A

Polyandrous

47
Q

Orangutans, Lorises, and tarsiers are what type of social structure?

A

Solitary

48
Q

Gibbons, siamangs, and tarsiers are what type of social structure?

A

Monogamous

49
Q

7 key sub-families (really just 6)

A

Various ones of Cebidae family, callitricinae, cercopithecinae, colobinae, ponginae, homininae, gorillinae

50
Q

Cercopithecinae is of the infraorder ____; Callitricinae is of the Infraorder ____

A

Catyrrhini; Platyrhini

51
Q

Textbook distinction between OWM and NWM

A

OWM in Asia and Africa, NWM in South America

Anthropology (4 decks)

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