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bactenginang yan > microscopy and quantitation of bacteria > Flashcards

microscopy and quantitation of bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three different types of microscope used in bacteriology?

A
  • Bright field microscopy
  • Phase contrast microscopy
  • Flourescence microscopy
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2
Q

Define what is a bright field microscopy

A

It examines the detail of an microorganism by the transmitted light

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3
Q

It examines the detail of an microorganism by the transmitted light

A

Bright field microscopy

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4
Q

Define what is a phase contrast microscopy

A

It uses contrast enhancement technique allows examination of unstained specimen

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5
Q

It uses contrast enhancement technique allows examination of unstained specimen

A

Phase contrast microscopy

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6
Q

Define what is a fluorescence microscopy

A

The specimen are stained with fluorochrome or fluorescent dye

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7
Q

The specimen are stained with fluorochrome or fluorescent dye

A

Fluorescence microscopy

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8
Q

It is used in cleaning the objective lenses and ocular lens

A

Lens paper

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9
Q

T OR F

The mechanical stage must be on the lowest part before/after using it

A

True

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10
Q

It is used to change the objective lenses

A

Revolving nosepiece

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11
Q

T OR F

Objective lenses must be on the lowest magnification before/after using it

A

True

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12
Q

Where do we hold our hands when carrying the microscope?

A

Arms and Base

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13
Q

Minimum number in turning the rheostat when turning on the microscope

A

1

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14
Q

First objective lens to use when we are starting to focus the specimen

A

Scanner

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15
Q

What is the knob to use when using the Scanner and LPO?

A

Coarse Adjustment Knob

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16
Q

What is the knob to use when using the HPO and OIO?

A

Fine adjustment knob

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17
Q

It is added on the slide before using the OIO

A

Cedar wood (oil)

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18
Q

It is the ratio of the apparent size of an object as seen through the microscope & the actual size of the object

A

Magnification

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19
Q

The ability of the lens to clearly separate or distinguish two points of two lines individually in the image.

A

Resolution/Resolving Power

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20
Q

It is determined by the shortest wavelength of visible light & maximum numerical aperture

A

Resolution/Resolving Power

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21
Q

A measurement of the ability of the condenser and the objective lens to gather light.

A

Numerical Aperture

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22
Q

Thickness of the object that maybe seen at one time under focus.

A

Focal length

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23
Q

Distance between the front lens of the objective lens & the top of the cover glass when the specimen is in focus.

A

Working distance

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24
Q

Refers to quality of the objectives & eyepiece where practically no change in focus has to be made when objective is substituted for another

A

Parfocal

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25
Q

Bending of light rays away from the objective lens when light passes from the glass of the microscope slide to the air.

A

Refractive Index

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26
Q

Resolving power of LPO

A

1.34 um

27
Q

Resolving power of HPO

A

0.52 um

28
Q

Resolving power of OIO

A

0.26 um

29
Q

What type of LENS has the higher resolving power?

a. OIO
b. LPO
c. HPO

A

B. LPO

30
Q

Numerical aperture of LPO

A

0.25 NA

31
Q

Numerical aperture of HPO

A

0.65 NA

32
Q

Numerical aperture of OIO

A

1.30 NA

33
Q

What type of LENS has the higher numerical aperture?

a. LPO
b. HPO
c. OIO

A

C. OIO

34
Q

Magnifying power of Scanner

A

4x

35
Q

Magnifying power of LPO

A

10x

36
Q

Magnifying power of HPO

A

40x

37
Q

Magnifying power of OIO

A

100x

38
Q

What type of LENS has the higher magnifying power?

a. Scanner
b. HPO
c. OIO
d. LPO

A

C. OIO

39
Q

What type of LENS has the lower magnifying power?

a. Scanner
b. HPO
c. OIO
d. LPO

A

A. Scanner

40
Q

Field of view diameter of LPO

A

2.00 mm

41
Q

Field of view diameter of HPO

A

0.40 mm

42
Q

Field of view diameter of OIO

A

0.20 mm

43
Q

What type of LENS has the higher field of view diameter?

a. HPO
b. OIO
c. LPO

A

C. LPO

44
Q

Working distance of LPO

A

7.20 mm

45
Q

Working distance of HPO

A

0.60 mm

46
Q

Working distance of OIO

A

0.20 mm

47
Q

What type of LENS has the higher working distance?

a. Scanner
b. HPO
c. OIO
d. LPO

A

D. LPO

48
Q

Where do we get the formula of TOTAL magnification?

A

From the Eyepiece and Objective lens

49
Q

Formula of Total magnification

A

Eyepiece x Objective

50
Q

Eyepiece magnification

A

10x

51
Q

Total magnification of eyepiece and scanner

A

40x

52
Q

Total magnification of eyepiece and LPO

A

100x

53
Q

Total magnification of eyepiece and HPO

A

400x

54
Q

Total magnification of eyepiece and OIO

A

1000x

55
Q

It refers to the ratio of the size of the image to the size of the object.

A

Magnification

56
Q

What values do we use in computing the magnification?

A

The value of:
- Image size
- Actual size

57
Q

Unit used for specimen size under the microscope

A

UNIT: Micrometers

58
Q

Formula for computing magnification

A

Magnification = Image size (um) / Actual size (um)

59
Q

1 mm is equivalent to what in micrometers (um)?

A

1000 um

60
Q

1000 um is equivalent to what in millimeter?

A

1 mm

61
Q

Compute for the magnification

Image size: 20 mm
Actual size: 100 um

A

Magnification: 20,000 um / 100um
= 200x

20 mm > 20,000 um

62
Q

Formula for the microorganism size

A

Actual size (um): Image size / Magnification

63
Q

Compute for the microorganism size:

OIO magnification: 100x
Image size measured: 1000um

A

Actual size: 1000 um / 100 = 10 um

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