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aerobic (+) bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

Largest bacteria

A

Bacillus anthracis

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2
Q

Bacillus anthracis is also known as ______

A

Anthrax bacillus

causative agent of anthrax (infection)

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3
Q

B. anthracis size

A

2-5 um

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4
Q

Since B. anthracis is 2-5 um gram (+) bacilli in chain, they have ____

A

Bamboo square end

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5
Q

Is B. anthracis a non-motile bacteria?

A

Yes

(differentiate from B. cereus)

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6
Q

T OR F
B. anthracis is a spore-forming bacteria

A

True

(only spore-forming organism

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7
Q

The location of spores of B. anthracis

A

central or subterminal

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8
Q

Two virulence factor of B. anthracis

A

Plasmids:
* pXO1
* pXO2

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9
Q

What type of Plasmid (virulence factor) is a lethal factor (LF), edema factor (EF) and
protective antigen (PA)?

A

pXO1

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10
Q

What type of Plasmid (virulence factor) is a poly-D-glutamic acid capsule that inhibits phagocytosis (also for capsule development)

A

pXO2

B. anthracis is an encapsulated bacteria

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11
Q

3 infection caused by B. anthracis

A
  1. Malignant pustule (Cutaneous anthrax)
  2. Woolsorter’s disease (Rag picker’s disease)
  3. Gastroenteritis (GIT)
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12
Q

It is a type of Cutaneous anthrax (most common)

A

Malignant pustule

Infection caused by B. anthracis

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13
Q

It has a charcteristic of a Black eschar which a vesicle ruptures, resulting in a necrotic (dead
cells) lesion that continues to grow

A

Malignant pustule

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14
Q

A characteristic malignant pustule

A

Black eschar

necrotic (dead cells) lesion

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15
Q

It is a type of a respiratory infection (located in the sternum) that has a characteristic of infection called mediastinitis

A

Woolsorter’s disease

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16
Q

A characteristic of Woolsorter’s disease infection

A

Mediastinitis

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17
Q

Other term of woolsorter’s disease

A

Rag picker’s disease

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18
Q

B. anthracis infection causing a bloody diarrhea

A

Gastroenteritis (GIT)

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19
Q

Specimen collection if the infection is a cutaneous anthrax

A
  • Vesicular fluids
  • Swabs from under the edge of the crust of the eschar (used for fluid absence)
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20
Q

Specimen collection if the infection is a GI & Respiratory anthrax

A

Blood

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21
Q

Hemolytic pattern of B. anthracis in BAP

A

non-hemolytic pattern

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22
Q

Appearance of B. anthracis in a BAP culture media

A

Medusa Heads

has irregular margin

23
Q

What culture medium does B. anthracis appear as medusa head?

24
Q

B. anthracis appearance in a tube gelatin medium

A

Inverted pine tree

25
Q

What culture medium does B. anthracis appear as inverted pine tree?

A

tube gelatin medium

26
Q

Selective medium used for B. anthracis

27
Q

What does the acronym PLET means?

selective medium for B. anthracis

A

Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous-acetate

28
Q

Catalase reaction of B. anthracis

A

(+)

differentiates from Clostridium spp.
(catalase negative)

29
Q

Serologic precipitation test for B. anthracis

A

Ascoli test

30
Q

Diagnostic of B. anthracis in Ascoli test

A

(+)

(has precipitin ring)

31
Q

Other test used for B. anthracis

A
  • String of pearl test (0.05 U of PEN) on BAP
  • PCR
  • Fluorescence Ab test
  • ELISA
32
Q

Penicillin susceptibility test reaction of B. anthracis

A

Susceptible

(10 U Penicillin)

33
Q

It is also known as the “Fried rice bacillus”

A

Bacillus cereus

34
Q

Infection caused by B. cereus when consuming contaminated fried rice

A

Food poisoning

35
Q

Two types of Enterotoxin caused by B. cereus

A
  1. Diarrheal
  2. Emetic
36
Q

What type of Enterotoxin when foods like meat or poultry, vegetables, and pastas is ingested with B. cereus?

37
Q

What type of Enterotoxin when foods like contaminated fried rice which causes nausea and vomiting is ingested with B. cereus?

38
Q

Hours it take for it to become diarrheal

A

8-16 hours

39
Q

Hours it take for it to become emetic

40
Q

An enterotoxin of B. cereus that is indistinguishable from watery diarrhea by Clostridium perfringens

41
Q

Infective dose of B. cereus

A

10^5 or (100,000 bacterial cells) *B. cereus * cells/gram of food

42
Q

Virulence factors of B. cereus

A

Exotoxin

(similar to cholera)

43
Q

Hemolytic pattern for B. cereus

A

β-hemolytic

44
Q

β-hemolytic appearance of B. cereus

A

Frosted glass-appearing
colony

45
Q

T OR F

B. cereus is a MOTILE organism

A

True

peritrichous flagella

46
Q

A Bacillus specie that can grow on a 45°C

47
Q

Penicillin susceptibility test reaction of B. cereus

in a 10 U Penicillin

48
Q

Common differential characteristics between B. anthracis and B. cereus are distinguished by their ____ and _____

A

motility and capsule

49
Q

Spore location of B. subtilis

50
Q

It is a common laboratory contaminant, an opportunistic pathogen, source of antibiotics and used for quality control

A

Bacilus subtilis

51
Q

Two types of quality control (QC) used for the detection of B. subtilis serotypes

A
  1. Oven
  2. ETO gas
52
Q

Biological indicator for oven in quality control

A

Bacillus subtilis var.
niger

53
Q

Biological indicator for ETO gas in quality control

A

Bacillus subtilis
subsp. globigii

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