MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE Flashcards
Composed of Tamm-Horsfall (uromodulin) protein
excreted by renal tubular epithelial cells
casts
Formed in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting
ducts (wider casts)
casts
A clear red urine with a positive reagent strip RBC
and no RBCs in the microscopic analysis indicates
_______________
hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria
Clinical significance of WBC
* Urinary tract infection (________)
* Drug-induced interstitial nephritis (__________)
* Malignancy (___________)
neutrophils
eosinophils
mononuclear cells
Largest cells in the urine sediment
Squamous Cells
- Oval structures with buds or mycelia
- Should be accompanied by WBCs
- Associated with acidic urine from patients with diabetes
mellitus
Yeast
Most common parasite is ____________, which
exhibits rapid flagellar movement in wet preparations
Trichomonas vaginalis,
Sexually transmitted disease that is asymptomatic
in males and causes a vaginal infection in
females
Trichomonas vaginalis
Other parasite:
Schistosoma haematobium (___________)
Enterobius vermicularis (___________)
urine parasite
fecal contamination
Strands of protein secreted by glands and renal tubular
epithelial cells
- Major protein is Tamm-Horsfall (uromodulin) protein
Is of no significance
Mucus
________________ are more abundant in refrigerated urine
samples
Crystals
____________crystals are found only in acidic or
normal urine
Abnormal
Normal Crystals Seen in Acidic Urine:
Uric acid
Amorphous Urates
Calcium oxalate (also seen in alkaline)
- dihydrate form
- monohydrate form
Normal Crystals Seen in Alkaline Urine:
Triple phosphate crystals
Amorphous phosphate crystals
Calcium carbonate crystals
Ammonium biurate crystals
Abnormal Crystals:
Cystine crystals
Cholesterol crystals
Tyrosine crystals
Leucine crystals
Bilirubine crystals
Sulfonamide crystals
Ampicillin crystals
