Microscopic Anatomy

Question 1

What is this an image of?

Answer 1

Muscular Artery

Question 2

What is this an image of?

Answer 2

small Muscular Artery

Question 3

What is this an image of?

Answer 3

arteriole

Question 4

what is this an image of?

Answer 4

an arteriole

Question 5

What is this an example of?

Answer 5

coronary artery with plaque

Question 6

During age-related changes, what artery changes the most during athlerosclerosis?

Answer 6

Elastic Artery

Question 7

Describe the differences between the epicardium and the endocardium.

Question 8

What is the physiological significance of the number of elastic lamina in the aorta?

Answer 8

40-70 elastic lamellae

Question 9

How can you distinguish an elastic artery from a mixed artery?

Question 10

What is the function of the fenestrae in the elastic lamina of the aorta?

Question 11

Describe what happens to the external elastic lamina as arterial vessels become smaller along the vascular tree.

Question 12

What is the medical importance of foam cells?

Question 13

pic

Answer 13

internal elastic lamina:

Question 14

picture

Answer 14

external elastic lamina

Question 15

vasa vasorum:

Answer 15

“vessels of vessels” (present in large elastic arteries)

pic

Question 16

Tunica Intima composition

what is its function?

Answer 16

consists of the endothelium, basal lamina, and a subendothelial layer of loose connective tissue that may contain an occasional smooth muscle cell, and an internal elastic lamina (in arteries)

function: forms permeable and semipermeable barrier

Question 17

tunica media composition

what is its function?

Answer 17

composed of smooth muscle and variable amounts of elastic fibers and lamellae, reticular fibers, and proteoglycans. The extracellular matrix is synthesized by the smooth muscle cells. Larger vessels have an external elastic lamina. Pericytes replace the media in capillaries and postcapillary venules.

Function: controls diameter and blood pressure and movement

Question 18

Tunica Adventitia composition?

what is its function?

Answer 18

• The outermost layer is composed of fibroblasts and longitudinally oriented type I collagen and elastic fibers.
• Larger blood vessels have a vasa vasorum (“vessels of the vessel”) in the adventitia and a portion of the media that provides nutrients via small vessels to the vessel wall.

function: provides physical support, attaches vessels to tissue, and carries vessels and nerves.

Answer 19

elastic artery:

Question 20

muscular artery function?

Answer 20

• Most named arteries are of this type such as coronary, renal, mesenteric, brachial femoral and others.
• The muscular arteries distribute blood to tissues and organs regulated by autonomic nervous system control of the media.

Question 21

mixed artery functions?

Answer 21

• Forms parts of terminal abdominal aorta, the iliac arteries, external carotids, axillary arteries and others.
• These are transitional segments between large and medium arteries.

Question 22

arteriole function

Answer 22

• Invisible to the naked eye.
• Function to maintain normal blood pressure in the arterial system and to reduce the pressure of the blood entering the capillaries.

Question 23

metarteriole function

Answer 23

terminal segment before a capillary bed forms a metarteriole or precapillary sphincter that regulates blood flow into capillaries.