Microscope And Cell Comparison Flashcards
Simple Microscope
-contains only a single lens responsible for enlarging the specimen
-have less resolution power and less magnifying power
-cannot distinguish between two objects
Compound Microscope
- contains a series of lens used to magnify items
-has both an objective lens and ocular which both have magnifying power
-light passes through a condenser that contains a special lens, the the specimen before it reaches the objective lens
How to pick up a microscope
-one hand holding the base (support) and the other holding the arm (carry)
-the base and the arm provide a frame to support the entire microscope
Slide holder
-holds the slide in place
stage
-platform upon which the specimen is placed
-contains a center opening to allow light to hit the specimen (illumination exit)
X-Y stage control
-these control the movement of the slide in the stage clips, allowing you to position it over the light
Illumination Exit
light source from the bottom of the microscope
condenser
-lens below the stage that concentrates light from the light source into a narrow beam on the specimen
Iris diaphragm
-Shutter to the condenser that controls amount of light permitted to pass through the specimen
ocular
-used to look at specimen, eyepiece of the microscope houses the ocular lenses
-Has 10X magnifying power
Objectives
-lens placed closes to the object /specimen viewed attached to the rotating nose piece
-each objective lens has a different magnifying power
Scanning
4X - Red
Low Power
10x- Yellow
High Power
40X- Blue
Oil Immersion
100X- White
Coarse Adjustment
Moves the stage up and down at large increments to allow focus of the field of view
Fine Adjustment
-Moves the stage up and down at smaller increments to allow focusing of the field of view
Total Magnification
TM = objective lens x ocular lens
-it is the product of both magnifications
Prokaryotes
- average size is 1um
- no nucleus
- bacteria slide was used as an example
Eukaryotes
- average size can be 10um or about ten times the size
- contains a membrane bound nucleus
- pond water specimen and cheek swab were used in lab
State the difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
- Eukaryotes have a membrane bound nucleus while prokaryotes don’t
- prokaryotes are smaller in size than Eukaryotes
- prokaryotes usually have cell walls. In eukaryotes only plant and fungi cells have them
-prokaryotes have single circular DNA molecule, while Eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes in the nucleus - sexual reproduction is different
What features do all cells (prokaryotic and Eukaryotic) have in common
- all cells have a plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA
