Micronutrients, Macronutrients, And Obesity

Question 1

Phentermine

Answer 1

Sympathomimetic amine that inc NE release in the hypothalamus reduces appetite
SE: dry mouth, tachycardia, HTN, insomnia, nervousness

Question 2

Phentermine with Topiramate

Answer 2

Chronic wt management

Topiramate effects on appetite suppression and saiety enhancement

Question 3

Orlistat

Answer 3

Pancreatic lipase inhibitor
Fat digestion is impaired
Fecal incontinence, steatorrhea
Dec absorption of fat soluble vitamins

Question 4

Progesterone analogs

Answer 4

Megestrol acetate

May cause suppression of HPA axis, symptomatic androgen deficiency in males

Question 5

Cannabinoids

Answer 5

Dronabinol

CB 1 and 2 receptor activity

Question 6

Cyproheptadine

Answer 6

Histamine and serotonin antagonist

May cause CNS depression, can inc intraocular pressure

Question 7

B1

Answer 7

Thiamine

Chronic alcohol abuse

Question 8

B3

Answer 8

Niacin
Lipid lowering
Causes flushing

Question 9

B12

Answer 9

Cyanocobalamin
Pernicious anemia or gastric disease
Prolonged use of PPIs or H2 antagonists

Question 10

Folic acid

Answer 10

Alcoholism or inadequate diet

Drugs that interfere with folate metabolism

Question 11

Ascorbic acid

Answer 11

Scurvy: impaired collagen syn and disordered CT

Question 12

Vit A

Answer 12

Deficiency causes fat metabolism, mineral oil laxative abuse, elderly

Question 13

Vit D

Answer 13

Deficiency
Osteomalacia or Rickets
Caused by insufficient sun or malabsorption

Question 14

Vit K

Answer 14

Phytonadione
Promotes liver syn of clotting factors
May cause bleeding

Question 15

Enteral feedings

Answer 15

If the gut works, use it

Generally not needed in well fed, 7-10 days

Question 16

Parenteral nutrition

Answer 16

Adult: use when enteral cannot be started within 5-14 days
Peds: use when enteral cannot be started within 5-7 days

Question 17

Enteral over parenteral

Answer 17

If the gut works use it
Less infection complications 
Maintains intestinal mucosa
Prevents bacterial translocation
More cost effective