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PRINCIPLES REV > Microiology- Systemic Microbiology > Flashcards

Microiology- Systemic Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Which organisms don’t stain well with gram stain

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Treponema pallium

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2
Q

Why doe M. TB not stain well on gram stain?

A

It has a lipid rich/ waxy cell wall

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3
Q

Obligate aerobes

A

Require air

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4
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

Killed by oxygen

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5
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Tolerate oxygen

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6
Q

Aerobic

A

Grow in oxygen

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7
Q

Capnophillic

A

Prefer high CO2 levels

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8
Q

Which type of organism is haemolysis used on?

A

Streptococcus

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9
Q

Endogenous

A

Microorganisms

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10
Q

Exogenous

A

Not normal flora

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11
Q

Virulence

A

The capacity of a microbe to cause damage to it’s host

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12
Q

Commensal/mutualism/ symbiosis

A

Part of the normal flora

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13
Q

Fugal infection

A

Candida spp.
Yeast. Aspergillus
Moulds in immunocompromised

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14
Q

Protozoan disease

A

Malaria
Toxoplasma
GI infection eg cryptosporidiosis

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15
Q

Gram positive prokaryotic pathogens

A

Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Enertococcus

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16
Q

Gram negative prokaryotic pathogens

A

Neisseria spp
Escherichia spp
Klebsiella

17
Q

Gram negative cocci

A

Aerobic
Diplococci on gram film
Eg neisseria meningitidis, neisseria gonorrhoeae

18
Q

Coliforms

A

Gram negative bacilli
Look like E. coli
Targeted with gentamicin

19
Q

Why do patients with coliform sepsis become very unwell very quickly?

A

Endotoxin released from cell wall when bacteria dies

20
Q

Alpha haemolysis

A

Partial haemolysis

Green colony-> enzymes denature the Hb

21
Q

Beta haemolysis

A

Complete haemolysis
Enzymes breaks down/ lyse the RBC-> clears around the colony
The most pathogenic strep are beta haemolytic
Group a strep

22
Q

Gamma haemolysis

A

No haemolysis

Most important group-> enterococci

23
Q

Strep. Pneumoniae

A

Gm +ve, alpha haemolytic cocci
Commonest cause of pneumonia
Part of normal URT flora

24
Q

C diff

A

Antibiotic associated diarrhoea

Produces exotoxins

PRINCIPLES REV (8 decks)

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